TEU 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



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655 



is a medium between the fourth and thirty-second species ; 

 being less acrid than the former, and more aromatic and 

 bitter than the latter: it may therefore be successfully used 

 in fevers, rheumatism, gout, and other maladies which depend 

 upon the weakness of the stomach and the tenacity of the 

 humours. Native of Germany, Switzerland, France, and 

 Italy, in dry fields. This is propagated in the same way as 

 the first species; but if the seeds be sown in autumn, or 

 permitted to scatter when ripe, they will succeed better than 

 if sown in the spring, and the plants will come earlier to 

 flower. 



4. Teucrium Chameepitys; Ground Pine, Leaves trifid, 

 linear, quite entire: flowers sessile, lateral, solitary; stem 

 diffused. Root small, branched, annual. The whole herb 

 hairy, viscid, aromatic, and bitter; stem much branched, 

 four-cornered, leafy, often red. The whole plant has a highly 

 aromatic odour; and it is an ingredient in the Portland 

 Powder. The young tops, dried and reduced to powder, are 

 much recommended in gouty and rheumatic complaints. It 

 likewise operates powerfully by urine, removes obstructions, 

 and is serviceable in the dropsy, jaundice, and ague ; and 

 many accounts are to be met with in creditable authors, of 

 great cures having been performed by its use. It is, however, 

 at present very much neglected, nor indeed do its medicinal 

 virtues appear ever to have been properly ascertained. 

 Native of many parts of Europe, the Levant, Barbary, and 

 Virginia. In England it abounds in Kent and Surry, but is 

 otherwise a scarce plant. It is found near Purfleet in Essex; 

 about Rochester and Dartford, and at Roehill ; also on the 

 leys about the borders of Triplow-heath in Cambridgeshire. 

 If the seeds be permitted to scatter, the plants will come 

 up better than if sown, and require no care but to thin them, 

 and keep them free from weeds. 



5. Teucrium Nissolianum ; Trifid-leavcd Germander. 

 Leaves trifid and quinquefid, filiform; flowers peduncled, 

 solitary, opposite ; stem decumbent. Native of Spain and 

 Portugal. Part the roots in autumn, or sow the seeds at 

 that season. It loves an open situation exposed to the sun, 

 but will thrive in any but a moist soil. 



6. Teucrium Pseudo-Chameepitys; Bustard Ground Pine. 

 Leaves three-parted, trifid, linear; flowers racemed; stem 

 rough-haired. Native of Spain, Portugal, the south of 

 France about Marseilles, and Algiers in Barbary. 



7. Teucrium Iva; Musky Germander. Leaves three- 

 cusped, linear ; flowers sessile, lateral, solitary. Annual, 

 with a single woody root sending out a few fibres ; corolla 

 large, rose-coloured, often abortive. The whole plant smells 

 of musk. It has the same qualities with the fourth species, 

 but possesses a more volatile principle, and deserves a place 

 among the sudorifics. Native of the south of Europe, and 

 of Barbary, in various parts of the kingdom of Tunis. 



8. Teucrium Mauritanum ; Moorish Germander. Leaves 

 pinnate-multifid; stem quite simple, erect; bractes subulate- 

 palmate. Native of Barbary. 



9. Teucrium Fruticans ; Narrow-leaved Tree Germander. 

 Leaves quite entire, elliptic, tomentose beneath ; flowers 

 lateral, solitary, peduncled. Stalk shrubby, branching, rising 

 six or eight feet high, and covered with a hoary bark ; corol- 

 las pale blue. Mr. Miller mentions a variety with variegated 

 leaves. Native of Spain, Sicily, and Corsica, near the sea- 

 coast; also of Barbary. This, and the next species may 

 be increased by cuttings planted in the spring on a bed of 

 fresh light earth ; shading and watering them until they have 

 taken root, and keeping them clear from weeds until the 

 following autumn ; when they may be transplanted into pots, 

 taking them up with balls of earth about their roots, and 



VOL. ii. 120 



watering them until they have taken new root. During the 

 winter they may be kept in the green-house with hardy 

 exotics. 



10. Teucrium Latifolium ; Broad-leaved Tree Germander. 

 Leaves quite entire, rhombed, acute, villose, tomentose be- 

 neath. This shrubby plant grows seven or eight feet high. 

 Native of Spain. See the preceding species. 



11. Teucrium Resupinatum ; Resupine-jioiuered German- 

 der. Villose: leaves lanceolate, deeply serrate; flowers soli- 

 tary, sessile; corollas resupine. Roots annual, long, twisted, 

 putting forth capillary branchlets; stem erect, hirsute. 

 Native of Barbary near Mascar, in clayey fields. 



12. Teucrium Ramosissimum ; Branched Germander. 

 Hoary : stem fruticulose, very much branched ; branchlets 

 filiform; leaves obovate, crenate ; flowers solitary, axillary. 

 The whole plant exhales a very sweet odour. Native of 

 Barbary, near Cassa, in the clefts of rocks ; also of Spain. 



13. Teucrium Creticum ; Cretan Germander. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate, linear, quite entire ; flowers racemed, tern, light 

 purple or pink. Native of Candia and of Egypt. 



14. Teucrium Marum ; Common Marum, or Cat-Thyme. 

 Leaves quite entire, ovate, acute, petioled, tomentose be- 

 neath; flowers racemed, all directed one way. This has a 

 low shrubby stalk, sending out many slender woody branches, 

 in warm countries rising three or four feet high, but in Eng- 

 land rarely half that height. Flowers crimson. It is of a 

 warm aromatic nature, and good in most nervous disorders. 

 The bark of the old root is considerably astringent, and is of 

 great efficacy in overflowings of the menses, and other haemor- 

 rhages. The leaves dried and reduced to powder, may be 

 taken either alone, or mixed with other ingredients of a like 

 nature, as snuff; and they are, when so used, good in all 

 disorders of the head. The leaves, and younger branches, 

 when fresh, on being rubbed between the fingers, emit a 

 volatile aromatic smell, which readily excites sneezing, but 

 to the taste they are bitterish, accompanied with a sensation 

 of heat and acrimony. Judging from the sensible qualities 

 of this plant, it may be supposed to possess very active powers, 



and upon this account it is strongly recommended bv Wede- 

 .. . , * 



lius, as an important remedy in many diseases requiring 



medicines of a stimulant, aromatic, and deobstruent quality; 

 and his opinion seems in some measure to have been since 

 confirmed by actual experience. The dose of the powdered 

 leaves, in wine, is from a scruple to half a drachm. At the 

 beginning of this century many of these plants were growing 

 in the royal gardens at Kensington ; they were nearly three 

 feet high, and clipped into conical forms. Native of Spain. 

 It is easily propagated by slips or cuttings, planted during 

 the summer months on a bed of light loamy earth, covering 

 them down close either with bell or hand glasses, and shad- 

 ing them from the sun. When they have made good roots, 

 transplant them into separate small pots, or on a warm bor- 

 der, at about six inches' distance every way, shading them 

 from the sun, and watering them until they have taken new 

 root ; after which they will only require to be kept free from 

 weeds. These plants will live through the winter in the 

 open air, on a dry soil and a warm situation, when the frosts 

 are not very severe ; but in hard winters they are frequently 

 killed if not protected by mats or other covering. 



15. Teucrium Multiflorum; Many-flowered Germander. 

 Leaves ovate, smooth above, serrate-tootiied ; flowers racemed ; 

 whorls six-flowered. Native of Spain. 



16. Teucrium Laxmanni. Leaves ovate, oblong, quite 

 entire, sessile ; flowers solitary, sessile ; stem half a foot 

 high, villose. Native of Hungary and Sclavonia. 



17. Teucrium Sibiricum; Siberian Germander. Leave* 

 8D 



