TH L 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



THL 



667 



bractes ovate.. Stem shrubby, hard; branches alternate, 

 remote, the upper ones gradually longer. Native of the 

 Cape. 



10. Thesium Strictnm; Straight Thesium. Flowers in 

 umbels; leaves linear, decurrent. Stem shrubby, branched, 

 angular as in Broom. Native of the Cape. 



11. Thesium Umbellatum ; Umbdled Thesium. Flowers 

 in umbels; leaves oblong; root perennial. It flowers here in 

 June. Native of Virginia and Pennsylvania. 



12. Thesium Fragile; Brittle Thesium. Leaves ovate, 

 three-sided, keeled, decurrent; stem angular; flowers axil- 

 lary, sessile. This has the habit of a Salsola. It is a very 

 brittle plant, with leaves so short as seeming to have none. 

 Native of the Cape. 



13. Thesium Scabrum ; Rugged Thesium. Heads of 

 flowers peduncled; leaves three-sided, very rugged along the 

 edge and keel. This very much resembles the ninth species, 

 but the heads are on a long naked peduncle, and the leaves 

 are only half the size. Native of the Cape/ 



14. Thesium Paniculatum; Panicled Thesium. Wholly 

 panicled : leaves lanceolate, remote ; branches angular, dif- 

 fused ; flowers terminating ; stem somewhat woody, a foot high. 

 Many of the flowers are abortive. Native of the Cape. 



15. Thesium Amplexicaule; Heart-leavedjViesium. Flow- 

 ers subspiked, directed one way, ciliate, woorfy. Stem rather 

 woody, erect, slightly angular, four feet high, even ; racemes 

 terminating. Native of the high mountains near the Cape. 



16. Thesium Triflorum ; Three-jlowmd Thesium. Leaves 

 lanceolate ; stem angular ; peduncles axillary, trichotomous, 

 compound. Native of the Cape. 



17. Thesium Euphorbioides; Spurge-like Thesium. Pe- 

 duncles three-flowered, terminating; leaves subovate, fleshy; 

 branches dichotomous at top. It has the appearance of an 

 Euphorbium. Native of the Cape. 



18. Thesium Colpoon; Tree Thesium. Leaves opposite, peti 

 oled.obovate, flat, quite entire; corymb terminating, leafless. 

 This tree has compressed ancipital branchlets; racemes from 

 the axils of the branches, erect, compressed, scarcely longer 

 than the leaves. Native of the Cape. 



19. Thesium Spinosum; Thorny-leaved Thesium. Leaves 

 awl-shaped, mucronate; flowers axillary, solitary. This is 

 singular in having the leaves spreading, channelled, termi- 

 nating in a spine. Native of the Cape. 



Thistle. See Carduus, and Serratula. 



Thistle, Blessed. See Centaurea. 



Thistle, Carline. See Atractylis, Carlina, and Carihamrts. 



Thistle, Distaff. See Atractylis, and Curthamus. 



Thistle, Fuller's. See Dipsacus. 



Thistle, Globe. See Echinops. 



Thistle Golden, See Scolymus. 



Thistle, Melon. See Cactus. 



Thistle, MM. See Carduus. 



Thistle, Sow. See Sonchus. 



Thistle, Star. See Centaurea. 



Thistle, Torch. See Cactus. 



Thistle, Woolly. See Onopordum. 



Thistle, Yellow. See Argemone. 



Thlaspi; a genus of the class Tetradynamia, order SiHcu- 

 losa. GENERIC CHARACTER. Ca/ir: perianth fonr-leaved ; 

 leaflets ovate, concave, from erect patulous, deciduous. Co- 

 rolla: four-petalled, cruciform; petals obovate, twice as 

 long as the calix, with narrow claws. Stamina : fllamerrta 

 six, shorter by half than the corolla, of these, two opposite 

 Ones are still shorter ; antherae acuminate. Pistil: germen 



tndish, compressed, emarginate; style simple, length of 

 stamina; stigma obtuse. Pericarp: silicic compressed, 

 VOL. ii.- -121. 



obcordate, emarginate; style the length of the notch in which 

 it stands, two-celled ; partition lanceolate ; valves boat-shap- 

 ed, margined and keeled. Seeds : several in each cell, nod- 

 ding, fastened to the sutures. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. 

 Silicle: emarginate, obcordate, many-seeded; valves boat- 

 shaped, margined, and keeled. Sow the seeds of these 

 plants where they are to remain, either in spring or autumn, 

 but the latter season is to be preferred. When they come 

 up, thin them where too close, and keep them clean from 

 weeds. If the seeds of any of the sorts be permitted to scat- 

 ter, they will come up without further care. If the Campestre 

 and Arvense be cultivated for use, sow them thin upon beds 

 of light ground ; hoe and thin them as directed for Carrots, 

 Onions, &c. so as to leave them three or four inches apart. 

 The species are, 



1. Thlaspi Peregrinum ; Foreign Bastard Cress. Silicles 

 suborbiculate; leaves lanceolate, quite entire. Stems a span 

 high, hard, branched, by age becoming red; flowers small, 

 red, with ovate entire petals. They are produced in loose 

 terminating spikes, appearing in June, and seeding in Au- 

 gust. Native of dry hills in Carniola. , 



2. Thlaspi Arabicum ; Arabian Bastard Cress. Sili- 

 cles oval, styled; lower leaves wedge-shaped, upper cordate-- 

 oblong, embracing. Stems herbaceous, diffused, branched, 

 very smooth, as is the whole plant; raceme terminating, with 

 a branch growing out beyond it; flowers small, purple or red- 

 dish, at first corymbed, afterwards racemed. This species 

 appears nearly related to the foregoing. Native of Arabia 

 and Cappadocia. 



3. Thlaspi Arvense ; Field Bastard Cress, Penny Cress, or 

 Smooth Mithridate Mustard. Silicles orbicular, compressed, 

 even ; leaves oblong, toothed, smooth. Root annual, small, 

 tapering ; herb smooth, about a foot or more iu height, 

 upright, round, leafy, with seven or eight membranaceous 

 edges, and having a few branches at top ; flowers small, in 

 racemes : j>eduncles alternate, nearly horizontal, one-flowered ; 

 petals white, entire, twice the length of the calix. This plant 

 is obviously distinguished by its smoothness, and large flat 

 round ppds, from whence it has obtained the name of Penny 

 Cress. Trie seeds are said to produce twice as much oil as 

 those of Linseed ; and have an acrimony approaching to that 

 of Mustard, combined with an unpleasant flavour somewhat 

 like Garlic. The whole plant has the taste of Garlic, so that 

 when cows cat it, their milk acquires an unpleasant taste. 

 It flowers at the beginning of Jmie, and the seeds are ripe 

 by the end of the month; hence they are not liable to be 

 ground with corn, to which in that case they might commu- 

 nicate their ill flavour. Native of Enrope and Japan, in 

 corn-fields, especially in a strong moist soil, and sometimes in 

 gravel. It has been observed in almost all parts of England. 



4. Thlaspi Alliaoeum; Garlic Bastard Cress. Salicles 

 subovate, ventricose; leaves oblong, obtuse, toothed, smooth. 

 Stems few, upright, round, half a foot high, little branched, 

 ending in fruiting racemes as long as themselves; flowers 

 corymbed, small ; petals white, scarcely irigger than the 

 calix. Amraal. Native of Austria and Germany. 



5. Thlaspi Psychine ; Long-styled Bastard Cress. Silicle 

 obovate-tieftoid, styled; kaves lanceolate-cordate, toothed, 

 embracing, pubescent. Flowers pale yellow, racemed, pedi- 

 celled. It flowers early in the spring. Native of Barbary, 

 near Maync, on the borders of fields. 



6. Thlaspi Saxatile ; Rock Bastard Cress. Silicks round- 

 ish ; leaves lanceolate-linear, obtuse, fleshy. Stems annual, 

 trailing, hard, and woody; flowers small, flesh-coloured, 

 Native of the south of Europe, Germany, Austria, the south 

 of France, and Italy. 



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