674 



TI A 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



TIL 



some places scarcely a finger's length and decumbent, with 

 the leaves in clusters, and fewer flowers in the axils ; but for 

 the most part half a foot high, with many-flowered peduncles. 

 Native of Spain, Barbary, and Arabia. 



15. Thymus Brownei ; Jamaica Thyme. Leaves orbicu- 

 lar, crenate ; flowers peduncled, axillary, many, solitary, 

 acute, on a very short peduncle; upper lip of the corolla 

 slightly bifid, erect; middle segment of the lower larger, 

 cordate. Stem herbaceous, procumbent. Native of Jamaica. 



16. Thymus Filiformis ; Small-leaved Thyme. Flowers 

 axillary, solitary, peduncled; leaves cordate, acute, quite 

 entire, petioled ; stems filiform, decumbent. It flowers in 

 June and July. Native of the Balearic Islands, Majorca, 

 Minorca, and Yvica. See the 7th species. 



17. Thymus Cephalotus; Great-headed Thyme. Heads 

 loosely imbricate; bractes broad-ovate, coloured, undotted ; 

 leaves linear, quite entire. Stein low and woody, from which 

 come out many stiff branches five or six inches long. The 

 corolla is white and very small. The whole plant is hoary, 

 with a weak aromatic scent. Tournefort distinguishes three 

 varieties of this species: one with very white braces; a second 

 with larger heads; and a third with smaller. Native of Spain 

 and Portugal. See the 7th species. 



18. Thymus Striatus ; Striated Thyme. Heads closely 

 imbricate ; bractes ovate ; leaves linear-lanceolate, striated, 

 dotted at the edge. This species differs from the preceding 

 in having shorter and stiffer stems, not branched at top ; 

 wider upright leaves striated beneath, serrate, dotted only 

 at the edge ; the heads smaller, closely imbricate; the bractes 

 striated, smaller, dotted. Native of Naples. 



19. Thymus Villosus; Hairy Thyme. Heads imbricate, 

 large ; bractes toothed ; leaves bristle-shaped, hairy ; stems 

 trailing. Roots woody, sending out numerous branched 

 shrubby stems, which compose ample tufts, taking root as 

 they spread, with short, simple, ascending flowering branches. 

 The bractes and calix are tinged with a violet purple ; and 

 the corolla is rose-coloured, with a slender hairy tube. Na- 

 tive of Portugal. See the 7th species. 



20. Thymus Mastichina; Mastick Thyme. Flowers in 

 whorls; calices lanuginose; tooth of the calix setaceous, 

 villose. This shrub is a foot in height; the leaves are heaped 

 on the stem, linear or even, ovate, the lower hoary beneath, 

 the upper ones smooth ; flowers small, white, conspicuous 

 for the long slender teeth of the calix, which are pectinated 

 with abundance of long bristly hairs. The odour of the plant 

 is pleasantly aromatic : it is somewhat tender, and requires 

 protection in winter. Native of stony ground in Spain and 

 Greece. See the 7th species. 



21. Thymus Tragoriganum ; Goat's Thyme. Flowers in 

 whorls; stem suffruticose, erect; leaves hispid, acuminate. 

 This is a sweet-smelling shrub. Native of Candia. . 



22. Thyrmis Virginicus ; Virginian or Savory Thyme. 

 Heads terminating; stem erect ; leaves lanceolate. Root per- 

 ennial ; stalk annual, rising about a foot and half high, stiff, 

 angular, branching out towards the top ; flowers white, col- 

 lected into globular heads, appearing in July, but seldom 

 ripening seed in England. Native of North America. 



Tiarella; a genus of the class Decandria, order Digynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, five- 

 parted; segments ovate, acute, permanent. Corolla: petals 

 rive, oblong, permanent, entire, inserted into the calix. 

 Stamina: filamenta ten, capillary, longer than the corolla, 

 inserted into the calix ; antherae roundish. Pistil: gcrmen 

 bifid, ending in two very short styles; stigmas simple. Peri- 

 carp: capsule oblong, one-celled, two-valved ; valves flat- 

 USD, one twice as long as the other. Seeds: numerous, 



ovate, shining. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five-parted. 

 Corolla: five-petalled, inserted into the calix; petals entire. 



Capsule: one-celled, two-valved, with one valve larger. 



The species are, 



1. Tiarella Cordifolia; Heart-leaved Tiarella. Leaves 

 cordate, acutely lobed, with pointed teeth ; cluster simple, 

 ovate. Root perennial, creeping, fibrous; flower-stalks slen- 

 der, naked, about four inches long, arising also from the 

 root between the leaves, and terminated by a simple downy 

 cluster of small herbaceous white flowers, which appear in 

 May, but are seldom followed by seeds in England. Native 

 of North America, and of the northern part of Asia. This, 

 and the next species, are propagated by parting their roots, 

 which spread in the ground and shoot up heads, which may 

 be taken oft' and transplanted in the autumn. They love a 

 moist soil and a shady situation, and require no other care 

 but to keep them clean from weeds. 



2. Tiarella Trifoliata; Three-leaved Tiarella. Leaves ter- 

 nate, lobed and toothed ; stem leafy ; cluster compound. Root 

 perennial, fibrous ; from which spring up a few trifoliate 

 petioled leaves, like those of the Bilberry, but much smaller. 

 The stalk is slender, and rises five or six inches high ; it is 

 rough and hairy, has two leaves at the bottom, and one 

 towards the top, and is terminated by a cluster of small 

 greenish-white flowers, which appear early in May ; but the 

 plants rarely produce any seeds in England. Native of the 

 northern parts of Asia. 



3. Tiarella Menziesii; Slender-spiked Tiarella. Leave* 

 ovate, cordate, acute, short-lobate, dentated; stem-leaves 

 alternate, distant; raceme filiform, subspicate; calices tubu- 

 lose. This plant rises to the height of more than a foot, and 

 has five or six alternate leaves on the stem. A native of the 

 north-west coast of North America. 



4. Tiarella Biternata. Leaves biternate ; leaflets ovate- 

 cordate, oblique, inciso-lobate, dentate; stem leafy; panicle 

 terminal, divaricate-spiciflorous ; flowers yellowish-white. 

 Grows on the mountains of South Carolina. The specimens 

 Mr. Pursh had the opportunity of examining were destitute of 

 petals, though they are distinctly described by Ventenat. It 

 is, however, probable, Pursh further observes, that some indi- 

 viduals may be petaliferous, while others are apetalous. 



Tickseed. See Corispermnm. 



Tickseed Sunflower. See Coreopsis. 



Tigarea; a genus of the class Icosandria, order Monogy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: very rough on the 

 outside, with acute segments. Stamina: filamenta about 

 thirty, of the length of the petals ; antheree oblong, bilocu- 

 lar. Pistil: germen oblong, rough, of the length of the 

 stamina ; style short, oblique ; stigma simple. Pericarp: cap- 

 sule folliculiform, with a gaping lateral suture. Seed: single. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: beneath campanulate, five- 

 parted. Petals: five. Capsule: folliculiform, gaping with 

 a lateral suture. There is only one species, viz. 



1. Tigarea Tridentata. Leaves at the top of the branches 

 heaped together, obcuneate, tridentate, villose above, cano- 

 tomentose underneath ; flowers yellow, terminal, solitary, 

 with very short peduncles. Grows in the prairies of the 

 Rocky mountains, and on the Columbia river, flowering in 

 July. 



Tilia; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Monogynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one-leafed, five- 

 parted ; segments concave, coloured, almost the size of the 

 corolla, deciduous. Corolla: petals five, oblong, obtuse, 

 crenate at the tip. Stamina: filamenta thirty and more, awl- 

 shaped, length of the corolla ; antherse of two nearly orbicular 

 lobes, bursting outwards. Pistil: germen roundish ; style fill- 



