T RE 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



TRI 



687 



about an inch in diameter, angular, smooth, with four pro- 

 minent ascending pointed horns. The nuts are esteemed to 

 be farinaceous, nourishing, and pectoral; the skin, with the 

 spines, being removed, there is a white sweet kernel within, 

 somewhat like a Chestnut: they are sold in the market at 

 Venice, under the name of Jesuit Nuts. At Vercelli they 

 are called Galarin, and are much eaten by the children and 

 people of the lower orders. Pliny informs us, that the Thra- 

 cians made them into bread ; and Thunberg, that the Japa- 

 nese commonly boil the roots in broth, though the taste is by 

 no means pleasant. Annual: flowering from June to August. 

 Native of ponds and muddy ditches in the south of Europe, 

 and Asia. 



2. Trapa Bicornis; Two-horned Water Caltrops. Nuts 

 two-horned. They are woody, coriaceous, black, blown, 

 inversely pyramidal, rhombed, below beautifully areolated 

 with ribs and grooves, branched, ocellated and variously con- 

 fluent, terminated at top with a four-cornered head, radiantly 

 striated, having a round hole punched through it; armed oil 

 each side with a very thick horn, spreading horizontally, and 

 moderately curved back : cell one, corresponding in form to 

 the body of the nut. Though the preceding species varies 

 with three, and even two horns, yet this is not a variety of 

 that; for, in that the horns are always acuminate, whereas in 

 this they are obtuse, and have quite a different appearance. 

 Native of ponds in China. 



Traveller's Joy. See Clematis. 



Treacle Mustard. See Clypeola. 



Tree, Celandine, See Bocconia. 



Tree, Germander. See Teucrium. 



Tree, Mallow. See Lavatera. 



Tree, Primrose. See Oencthera. 



Trefoil. See Trifolium. 



Trefoil, Stinking Bean. See Anagyris. 



Trefoil, Bird's-Foot. See Lotus. 



Trefoil, Marsh. See Menyanthes. 



Trefoil, Moon. See Medicarjo. 



Trefoil, Shrubby. See Ptclea. 



Trefoil, Snail. See Medicayo. 



Trefoil, Strawberry. See Trifolium. 



Trefoil, Thorny. See Fagonia. 



Tremella; (so called by Dilleniiis, on account of its gela- 

 tinous, tender, and tremulous substance ;) is a genus of the 

 class Cryptogamia, order Fungi, according to Persoon, but 

 Algffi, according to Linneus. This genus appears to be made 

 up of various gelatinous productions, in which no traces of 

 fructifications have been detected. Having no shields, tu- 

 bercles, or warts, they could not be referred to Lichen, or its 

 allies ; neither have they seeds imbedded throughout their sub- 

 stance, to make them Ulvce; much less any aggregated seeds, 

 with or without a perceptible pericarp, as in Fucus. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Fructification: scarcely perceptible, in 

 a membranous, gelatinous, expanded, undulated substance. 

 Although authors of the first authority have collected together 

 upwards of twenty species of this supposed genus, we shall 

 content ourselves by referring the curious reader to Persoon 

 for the specifications, as they really seem to be mere gummy 

 exudations, caused by immoderate wet, accompanied by resi- 

 nous particles insoluble in water, which give them a powdery 

 appearance. 



Trewia; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Monogynia, 

 or rather of the class Dioacia, order Polyandria. GENERIC 

 CHARACTER. Calix : perianth three-leaved; leaflets ovate, 

 j-eflexed, coloured, permanent. Corolla: none, unless the 

 callx be taken for it. Stamina : filarnenta numerous, capil- 

 lary, length of the calix ; antherao simple. Pistil: germen 

 VOL. ii. 123. 



superior; style simple, length of the stamina; stigma simple. 

 Pericarp : capsule turbinate, three-sided, crowned, three- 

 celled, three-valved. Seeds : solitary, convex on one side, 

 angular on the other. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: 

 three-leaved, superior. Corolla : none. Capsule : tricoc- 

 cous. The only known species is, 



1. Trewia Nudiflora. Leaves on long round petioles, a 

 span and more in length, and almost two hands wide, oblong, 

 ovate-cordate, attenuated at the point, thin and soft, dusky- 

 green on the upper surface, but brighter on the lower; 

 flowers on round pale-green peduncles, axillary, of an herba- 

 ceous colour, void of smell. This is a lofty tree, with a 

 trunk as thick as a man can embrace, covered with an ash- 

 coloured bark. Native of the East Indies. 



Trianthema; a genus of the class Decandria, order Digynia. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-leaved; 

 leaflets oblong, coloured within, mucronate below the tip, 

 permanent. Corolla: none, unless the calix, formed of a 

 calix and corolla together, be so called. Stamina: filamenta 

 ten, in some five to twelve, capillary, length of the calix; 

 antherse roundish. Pistil: germen rather superior, oblong- 

 ish, retuse ; style one or two, filiform, length of the germen, 

 hispid on one side ; stigmas simple. Pericarp : capsule ob- 

 long,.truncate, retuse, cut round; cells, two superior, and two 

 inferior. Seeds: solitary, or two, subovate. Observe. The 

 number of stamina and styles in distinct species is different. 

 Linneus remarks, that there is scarcely any genus more irre- 

 gular than this. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: mucro- 

 nate below the tip. Corolla: none. Stamina: five or ten. 

 Germen: retuse. Capsule: cut round. The species are, 



1. Trianthema Monogyna. Flowers five-stamined, one- 

 styled ; stem with a hairy line along the upper side. It sends 

 out many trailing branches, which lie flat on the ground, 

 spreading two feet or more each way, and having much the 

 appearance of Purslain ; with fleshy succulent oval leaves. 

 The flowers come out from the joints of the stalks, and are 

 somewhat of a purple colour, and are succeeded by capsules 

 having two horns, with one cell enclosing eight or ten seeds. 

 It grows naturally in most of the West India islands, and 

 is often a troublesome weed there. Sow the seeds upon a 

 good hot border in the spring; and when the plants are fit 

 to remove, plant them on another hot-bed, to bring them for- 

 ward, without which they will not ripen. In June they may 

 be transplanted into a warm border, where they will grow 

 until the frost in autumn kills them. 



2. Trianthema Crystallina. Flowers five-stamined, one- 

 styled, heaped; leaves oval; stem herbaceous; flowers alter- 

 nate, small. Root perennial ; stem depressed, a span long, 

 reddish, branched, leafy, clothed with pellucid, papillary 

 granulations. Native of Arabia, and the East Indies. 



3. Trianthema Pentandra. Flowers five-stamined, two- 

 styled ; leaves obovate. Stem a foot high, round, erect, 

 somewhat rugged ; calix bell-shaped, five-parted, purplish 

 within, permanent; segments lanceolate. Native of Arabia. 



4. Trianthema Fruticosa. Shrubby, ten-stamined, one- 

 styled: filamenta anther-bearing; branches spreading, joint- 

 ed ; joints a little thickened at top, dotted with brown, ash- 

 coloured below ; flowers terminating ; the branchlets four or 

 five, sessile, with pellucid bractes interposed between them. 

 Found in the kingdom of Tunis. 



5. Trianthema Humifusa. One-styled: leaves lanceolate; 

 stem frutescent, round. Native of the Cape. 



6. Trianthema Anceps. One-styled : leaves lanceolate ; 

 stem frutescent, ancipital. Native of the Cape. 



7. Trianthema Decandra. Flowers ten-stamined, two- 

 styled ; stem herbaceous, diffused alternately ; leaves oppo- 



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