690 



TRI 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



TRI 



ish, subserrulate ; stipe extremely hirsute. Native of Ja- 

 maica. 



9. Trichomanes Hirsutum. Fronds pinnate; pinnas alter- 

 nate, pinnatifid, hairy; fructifications solitary in the notches 

 of the pinnules. Native of America, Japan, &c. 



10. Trichomanes Sericeum. Fronds bipinnatifid, pendu- 

 lous, lanceolate, tomentose; pinnas alternate; segments linear, 

 obtuse, entire, the lower ones bifid ; fructifications terminating, 

 hirsute. Native of Jamaica. 



11. Trichomanes Pyxidiferum. Fronds subbipinnate; pin- 

 nas alternate, clustered, lobed, linear. Native of America. 



12. Trichomanes Tunbrigense; Hare's-foot Fern. Fronds 

 pinnate ; pinnas oblong, dichotomous, decunent, toothed. 

 Root slender, wiry, spreading very far, throwing out fibres here 

 and there, and producing upright fronds, which, when dried up 

 in summer, curl backwards : their substance is extremely mem- 

 branous and pellucid, appearing finely reticulated under a 

 microscope; their segments linear, obtuse, sharply serrate, and 

 having a strong simple central rib. The fructifications, when 

 they occur, take place of the first segment of each pinna, or 

 general division of the frond, each terminating its appro- 

 priate nerve, and pointing upwards. The involucre is of two 

 slightly concave valves, arising from the substance of the 

 leaf, irregularly notched, and serrate on the margin. Between 

 these is a short column, beset with small round bivalve cap- 

 sules, each embraced with an elastic ring, as in the more 

 common Ferns. The bivalve involucre and short column, 

 so distinct from the urn-shaped undivided involucre, and long 

 column or style, of the true Trichomanes, induced Dr. Smith 

 to establish a new genus under the name of Hymenophyllum, 

 or Filmy Leaf. Several other species here enumerated belong 

 properly to that genus. There are two varieties of this species, 

 one with the fructifications on naked footstalks: the first was 

 found under Dolbadon castle near the lake of Llanberis, and 

 on the rock called Foal Foot, on Ingleborough, Yorkshire ; 

 the other variety was found at Belbank, near half a mile from 

 Bingley. This species was first discovered near Tunbridge, 

 in the moist clefts of rocks and stony places ; also upon 

 Buzzard Rough Crag, near Wrenose, Westmoreland ; near 

 Settle iu Yorkshire ; among the pebbles at Cockbush on the 

 coast of Sussex; and upon Dartmoor in Devonshire; and 

 various other places. 



13. Trichomanes Adiantoides. Fronds pinnate; pinnas 

 cnsifonn, acuminate, gash-serrate ; serratures bifid ; stem 

 upright, single, firm, smooth, purplish. Native of the East 

 Indies, and of Africa. 



14. Trichomanes Fucoides. Fronds bipirmatih'd, ovate, 

 smooth; pinnas ovate ; -segments two-parted; subdivisions 

 serrate, obtuse ; fructifications two-valved, inserted above 

 the base of the pinnas. Native of Jamaica. 



15. Trichomanes Ciliatum. Fronds erect, bipinnatifid, 

 deltoid; pinnas ovate; segments linear, obtuse, ciliate; fruc- 

 tifications terminating, bivalved, rough-haired ; stipe mar- 

 gined. Native of Jamaica. 



16. Trichomanes Lineare. Fronds subbipinnate, pendu- 

 lous, lanceolate, smooth; leaflets remote; pinnules linear, 

 two-parted ; fructifications terminating, two-valved ; stipe 

 capillary. Native of Jamaica. 



17. Trichomanes Strigosum. Frond bipinnate ; pinnules 

 rhombed, hairy, serrate; fructifications solitary below the 

 serratures; stipe tomentose, strigose. Native of Japan. 



'* With a super decompound Frond. 



18. Trichomanes Undulatum. Fronds tripinnatifid or bi- 

 piu natifid, pendulous, lanceolate ; leaflets and pinnas alternate, 

 decurrent; segments linear, retuse, crenulate, waved; fructifi- 

 cations terminating, two-valved. Native of Jamaica. 



19. Trichomanes Scandens. Fronds superdecompound; 

 leaflets alternate; pinnas alternate, oblong, serrate; stalk 

 not quite so large as a goose-quill, roundish, black, covered 

 towards the top with a ferruginous moss, and having very 

 many filamenta or clavicles, by which it takes firm hold o'f 

 the bark of trees, and rises to fifteen or twenty feet high, 

 turning itself round ; pinnules long, deeply cut in on the 

 edges, very thin, pellucid, of a yellowish-green colour, having 

 some dark opaque ribs running through them, and a woolly 

 hair on them ; fructifications at the end of the segments in a 

 little cup. Native of America; and common in Jamaica. 



20. Trichomanes Chinense. Frond superdecompound; 

 leaves and pinnas alternate, lanceolate; segments of the 

 pinnas wedge-shaped; root scarcely villose ; stipe smooth, 

 somewhat channelled in front, but with a blunt edge. Na- 

 tive of China. 



21. Trichomanes Rigidum. Fron-ds four times pinnatifid, 

 erect, deltoid; leaflets spreading; pinnas lanceolate; seg- 

 ments linear, gashed at the end ; fruit-bearing cups pedi- 

 ct-lled, axillary. Native of Jamaica. 



22. Trichomanes Polyanthos. Fronds four times pinna- 

 tifid, deltoid, erect; pinnas and pinnules decurrent; seg- 

 ments linear, obtuse ; fructifications two-valved, numerous ; 

 stipe margined. Native of Jamaica. 



23. Trichomanes Clavatum. Fronds four times pinnatifid, 

 oblong-lanceolate, loose; pinnas and pinnules decurrent; 

 segments linear, emarginate; fructifications terminating, two- 

 valved, roundish; stipe roundish. Native of Jamaica. 



24. Trichomanes Canariense. Fronds superdecompound, 

 three-parted; leaflets alternate; pinnas alternate, pinnatifid. 

 - Found in the Canaries, and in Portugal. 



25. Trichomanes .laponicum. Fronds superdecompound; 

 pinnules gash-trifid, acute. Native of Japan, upon the moun- 

 tains; flowering from September to March. 



26. Trichomanes Capillaceum. Fronds superdecompound; 

 pinnas filiform, linear, one-flowered. Native of S. America. 



'27. Trichomanes Aculeatum. Frond superdecompound, 

 scandent, very much branched ; leaflets palmate ; segments 

 linear, obtuse; stipe prickly. Native of Jamaica. 



Trichosanthes ; a genus of the class Monoecia, order Syn- 

 genesia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Male Flowers. Calix : 

 perianth one-leafed, club-shaped, very long, smooth; mouth 

 five-toothed, reflexed, small. Corolla: one-petalled, five- 

 parted, growing to the calix, flat, spreading; segments ovate- 

 lanceolate, ciliate, with very long branching hairs. Stamina: 

 filamenta three, very short, at the top of the calix; antherse 

 five, combined into a cylindrical erect body, covered on all 

 sides with a fariniferous line, creeping up and down. Pistil: 

 styles three, very small, growing to the tube of the calix. 

 Females, on the same plant. Calix: perianth as in the male, 

 superior, deciduous. Corolla: as in the male. Pistil: germen 

 oblong, slender, inferior; style filiform, the length of the calix; 

 stigmas three, oblong, awl-shaped, gaping. Pericarp: pome 

 oblong, three-celled; cells remote. Seeds: many, compressed, 

 obtuse, coated. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : five-tooth- 

 ed. Corolla: five-parted, ciliate. Male. Filamenta: three. 

 Female. Style: trifid. Pome: oblong. The species are, 



1. Trichosanthes Anguina; Snake Gourd. Fruit cylindrical, 

 elongated, incurved; leaves heart-shaped, lobed, wavy, with 

 little pointed teeth. This is an annual plant; the stalks run 

 to a great length, trailing upon the ground like Cucumbers 

 and Melons. The leaves are angular and rough. The flow- 

 ers come out from the side of the stalk, are white, and cut 

 into many small threads. The fruit is taper, and upwards of 

 a foot long, of a dark shining green, and often mailed with 

 white, and has the appearance at first sight, as it lies on the 





