TRI 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



TRI 



691 



ground, of a large snake. It flowers in May and June. 

 Native of China and Cochin-china. Sow the seeds on a hot- 

 bed early in the spring, and treat the plants in the same way 

 as Cucumbers and Melons. 



The other species of Trichosanthes are, Scabra, Foetidis- 

 gima, Nervifolia, Caudata, Cucumerina, Amara, Tricuspidata, 

 Pilosa, Tuberosa, and Laciniosa, all natives of hot countries. 



Trichostema ; a genus of the class Didynamia, order Gym- 

 nospermia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth one- 

 leafed, two-lipped ; upper lip twice as large, trih'd, equal, 

 acute; lower two-parted, acute. Corolla: one-petalled, rin- 

 gent; tube very short; upper lip compressed, sickle-shaped, 

 lower three-parted, the middle segment very small, oblong. 

 Stamina: filainenta four, capillary, very long, curved in, two 

 of them a little shorter; antherae simple. Pistil: germen 

 four-cleft; style capillary, length and figure of the filamenta; 

 stigma bifid. Pericarp: none; calix larger, reflexed, so that 

 the upper lip becomes the lower, ventricose, converging. 

 Seeds: four, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Corolla: 

 upper lip sickle-shaped. Stamina : very long. Calix: two- 

 lipped. The species are, 



1. Trichostema Dichotoma. Stamina very long, standing 

 out; leaves rhomboid-lanceolate; flowering-branches twice 

 forked. The leaves are small, roundish, not unlike those of 

 Sweet Marjoram, and covered with small fine downy hairs ; 

 flowers axillary, small, purple, appearing late in August, 

 whence, except in warm seasons, the seeds will not ripen in 

 England. It is an annual plant, rising about six or eight 

 inches high, dividing into small branches. The whole plant 

 has an agreeable resinous scent. Native of Virginia and 

 Pennsylvania. Sow the seeds of this, and the following spe- 

 cies, in autumn, in pots filled with light earth : in winter place 

 the pots under a frame, to shelter them from severe frost ; 

 but expose them to the open air when the weather is mild. 

 In the spring, transplant them to a bed of light earth ; shad- 

 ing them from the sun till they have taken new root, and 

 keep them clean from weeds. 



2. Trichostema Brachiata. Stamina short, included ; leaves 

 ovate-lanceolate; flowering-branchesopposite,panicled. Stalk 

 herbaceous, branching, nearly a foot high. The leaves are 

 a little hairy, and sessile, shaped like those of the Wild Mar- 

 joram. The flowers are produced at the top of the branches ; 

 they are small, and of a purple colour, and appear too late 

 to ripen seeds often. Native of Virginia. 



3. Trichostema Spiralis. Stamina very long, spiral ; leaves 

 ovate-acute. Stem herbaceous, four feet high, erect, with 

 opposite crossing branches. Flowers pale violet, in long 

 terminating spikes. Native of Cochin-china. 



Trichostomum ; a genus of the class Cryptogamia, order 

 Musci. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Capsule: oblong. Fringe: 

 of thirty-two capillary, straightish teeth, approximated or 



united in pairs. The following are the principal species : 



* All the Teeth of the Fringe distinct at the base. 



1. Trichostomum Trifarium ; Three-ranked Fringe Moss, 

 Leaves lanceolate, or awl-shaped, in three rows, keeled, entire; 

 capsule ovate ; stem branched. Found at Clapham springs 

 near Bedford, and occurring generally on high barren ground. 



2. Trichostomum Capillaceum; Capillary Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves capillary, in two rows, sheathing and dilated at the 

 base; capsule elliptic-cylindrical; lid conical; stems very 

 densely tufted. Found upon mountain-bogs in the uorth of 

 Great Britain, also in Switzerland and Sweden. 



3. Trichostomum Papillosum ; Papillary Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves awl-shaped, keeled ; capsule elliptical, nearly erect, 

 gibbous on the lower side at the base ; lid conical ; stem 

 branched. Native of turfy bogs in the Highlands of Scotland, 



VOL. ii. 123. 



'* Teeth of the Fringe connected in pairs at the base. 



4. Trichostomum Lanuginosum ; Toothed Hoary Fringe 

 Moss. Leaves lanceolate, with a pellucid toothed point; 

 capsule ovate ; stem procumbent, branched in a pinnate 

 manner. This species is very frequent in dry mountainous 

 woods, and on exposed rocks, stones, walls, or heaths, bear- 

 ing capsules, though rarely, in autumn. 



5. Trichostomum Ericoides; Heath-like Hairy Fringe 

 Moss. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, recurved, keeled, and deeply 

 channelled, with a pellucid finely serrated point; capsule 

 ovate ; stem erect, with very short branches. This is one of 

 the scarcest and most elegant of the genus, and first found 

 upon Snowden in Wales. 



6. Trichostomum Canescens ; Common Hoary Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves ovate-lanceolate, with a central channel, but no 

 nerve, and a pellucid rough point ; capsule ovate ; stem erect, 

 with upright branches. This is almost universal in moun- 

 tainous and maritime situations. 



7. Trichostomum Fasciculare ; Beardless Hoary Fringe 

 Moss. Leaves lanceolate, pointed, revolute, keeled ; cap- 

 sule ovate-oblong; stem branched, diffuse. Found upon 

 dry rocky mountains in the north, bearing plenty of capsules 

 in the spring. 



8. Trichostomum Glaucescens ; Glaucous Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute, rather glaucous; capsule 

 ovate, slightly furrowed ; stem erect, somewhat branched. 

 Native of Sweden and Scotland. 



9. Trichostomum Lineare ; Linear-leaved Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves linear-lanceolate, imbricated, acute; capsule ellip- 

 tical; lid conical, oblique; stem erect. Native of Scotland, 

 Wales, and Northumberland, in wet places. 



10. Trichostomum Fontinalioides ; River Fringe Moss. 

 Leaves lanceolate ; capsules ovate, nearly sessile at the ends 

 of the lateral shoots ; stem floating, very much branched. 

 Found on the Ouse at Oakley in Bedfordshire, in the Isis at 

 Oxford, and the Thames near Lambeth, firmly attached to 

 walls or stones under water, their numerous tufted branched 

 leafy stems, four or five inches long, floating with the stream. 



Tridax ; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polygamia- 

 Superflua. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: common cylin- 

 drical, imbricate ; scales ovate-oblong, sharpish, erect. Co- 

 rolla: compound radiate; corollets hermaphrodite, tubular, 

 in the disk ; female in the ray ; proper in the hermaphro- 

 dites funnel-form, five-toothed, erect; in the females ligu- 

 late, three-parted ; segments equal, the middle one nar- 

 rower. Stamina : in the hermaphrodites, filamenta five, capil- 

 lary, very short; antheree cylindrical, tubular. Pistil: in 

 the hermaphrodites, germen oblong; style bristle-shaped, 

 length of the stamina; stigma obtuse: in the females, ger- 

 men oblong ; style filiform, length of the corolla ; stigma 

 obtuse. Pericarp : none ; calix unchanged. Seeds : in the 

 hermaphrodites solitary, oblong; down many-rayed, simple, 

 a little longer than the calix : in the females very like the 

 other. Receptacle : chaffy, flat ; chaffs lanceolate, shorter 

 than the seed. ESSENTIAL. CHARACTER. Calix: imbricate, 

 cylindrical. Corollets of the ray: three-parted. Down: 



many-rayed, simple. Receptacle : chaffy. The only known 



species is, 



1. Tridax Procumbens. Leaves placed in pairs, rough, 

 Iiairy, about an inch and half long, and three-quarters of an 

 inch broad, ending in acute points, and acutely jagged on 

 the edges. The flowers are produced upon long naked pe- 

 duncles, which terminate the branches. The florets are of a 

 pale copper colour, inclining to white ; stalks trailing, and 

 emitting roots at the joints, herbaceous and hairy. Found 

 near Vera Cruz in America. Sow the seeds in pots plunged 

 8N 



