TRI 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



TRI 



701 



5. Trillium Pictum. Peduncle somewhat erect ; petals 

 oval-lanceolate, acute, recurved, longer than the narrow sub- 

 duple ca'ix; leaves ovate, acuminate, rounded at the base, 

 abruptly petiolated ; flowers white, with purple veins at the 

 bottom ; berry scarlet. Grows in sphagnous bogs, on the 

 high mountains of Pennsylvania, Carolina, and Canada. 



6. Trillium Ovatum. Peduncle erect; petals oblong, acute, 

 patent; leaves ovate, sensibly acute; flowers pale purple. 

 Grows in the rapids of Columbia river. 



7. Trillium Pumiium. Peduncle erect; petals scarcely 

 longer than the calix ; leaves oval-oblong, obtuse, sessile ; 

 flowers deep flesh-colour. Grows in the pine-woods of Lower 

 Carolina. 



8. Trillium Obovatum. Peduncle erect; petals obovate, 

 slightly obtuse, plane, patent, scarcely longer and wider than 

 the calix; leaves ovate-rhombeous, acuminate, sessile; flowers 

 dark rose-coloured, probably white when first opening. 

 Grows in Canada, near Montreal. 



9. Trillium Pendulum. Peduncle inclined ; flower pen- 

 dulous, of a dirty white, with netted veins ; petals ovate, 

 short, acuminate, plane, patent, nearly equal to the ovate- 

 acuminate calix; leaves subrotund-rhomboideous, acuminate, 

 subsessile. Grows on the mountains of Pennsylvania. 



10. Trillium Grandrflorum. Peduncle inclined; flower 

 subcernuous, large ; petals spathulate-lanceolate, erect at the 

 base, generally white, but varying with rosaceous flowers, and 

 with the germ green or dark purple; leaves widely rhombeous- 

 ovate. Grows on the mountains and rocky banks of rivers, 

 in Virginia and Carolina. The berries are dark purple. 



Triopteris ; a genus of the class Decandria, order Trigynia, 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-parted, very 

 small, permanent. Corolla: petals five, roundish, with long 

 claws. Stamina: filamenta ten, capillary, (united at the base, 

 placed on the outside of the petals so called, the outer ones 

 shorter; antheree simple, roundish. Pistil: germen trifid ; 

 styles three, erect ; stigmas obtuse. Pericarp : capsules erect, 

 keeled at the back, each having a single wing at the base and 

 a double expanded one at the top, not opening. Seeds : soli- 

 tary, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : five-parted, 

 with two honey-pores at the base on the outside. Petals: 

 five, roundish, clawed. Filamenta: cohering at the base. 



Capsules: three, one-seeded, three or four winged. The 



species are, 



1. Triopteris Jamaicensis. Leaves oblong, acuminate, 

 veined, shining; racemes compound, terminating, loose; 

 fruits three-winged. This is a climbing shrub, with a twin- 

 ing stem, and spreading, diverging, loose, round, smooth 

 branches ; flowers on short peduncles, scattered, pale blue, 

 small. Native of Jamaica and Hispaniola. 



2. Triopteris Indica. Leaves roundish, ovate, subcordate, 

 acuminate, shining, smooth; racemes compound, terminating; 

 fruits three-winged. This is a large twining shrub; panicles 

 terminating and axillary, cross-armed, small, delicate, or the 

 whole extremity of the branchlets maybe called one beautiful, 

 large, leafy, panicle; flowers very numerous, white; petals 

 oblong, concave, without claws ; stigmas headed, entire. 

 Native of mountain forests in the East Indies. 



3. Triopteris Ovata. Leaves ovate, bluntish, subcordate, 

 smooth; petioles biglandular; racemes compound, terminat- 

 ing; fruits three-winged. Stem shrubby, branched; branches 

 opposite, jointed, and smooth, as is the whole plant. Native 

 of Dominica. 



4. Triopteris Rigida. Leaves roundish, acute, margined, 

 marked with lines, coriaceous; racemes compound, axillary; 

 fruits three-winged. Stem shrubby, twining; branches oppo- 

 site, horizontal, diverging, strict, long, round, smooth, some- 



what compressed at the top ; flowers small blue. It is very 

 nearly allied to the first species, except in the leaves, which 

 are rounder, very rigid, and marked with lines. It flowers 

 in May, and is a native of Hispaniola. 



5. Triopteris Acutifolia. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, acute, 

 smooth; panicle terminating; fruits four-winged ; wings equal. 

 Branches round, woody, smooth, as is the whole plant; 

 peduncles jointed, two-stipuled ; petals equal, yellow, very 

 small ; filamenta short, awl-shaped, widening at the base, 

 and united into a concave body, supporting the germen; 

 seeds somewhat three-sided. Native of Cayenne. 



6. Triopteris Acuminata. Leaves oblong, acuminate, 

 smooth; umbels panicled, terminating; fruits four-winged! 

 wings in pairs, the lower ones shorter. Branches round, 

 smooth, opposite. Native of Cayenne. 



7. Triopteris Buxifolia. Leaves oblong, bluntish, smooth ; 

 umbel terminating; fruits four-winged; wings almost equal. 

 Stem round, with a brown bark, and roughened with small 

 tubercles ; rays of the umbel four or more, an inch long, 

 jointed, two-stipuled, one-flowered. Native of the Antilles. 



8. Triopteris Citrifolia. Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, 

 smooth; umbels axillary, peduncled ; fruits four-winged; 

 wings in pairs, the lower ones shorter. Stem shrubby, climb- 

 ing very high ; branches very long, flexile, round, smooth ; 

 leaves stalked, three or four inches long; flowers small, yel- 

 low, in axillary and terminal panicled umbels. Native of 

 South America, Jamaica, and Dominique. 



Triosteum ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth five-parted, 

 superior, spreading, length of corolla ; segments lanceolate, 

 permanent. Corolla : one-petalled, tubular ; border shorter 

 than the tube, five-parted, erect ; lobes rounded, the lower 

 ones smaller. Stamina : filamenta five, filiform, length of 

 the corolla; antherse oblong. Pistil: germen roundish, infe- 

 rior; style cylindrical, length of the stamina; stigma thickish. 

 Pericarp: berry obovate, subtrigonal, three-celled. Seeds: 

 solitary, bony, obtusely three-cornered, obtuse, grooved. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: five-parted, length of the 

 corolla. Corolla: one-petalled, almost equal. Berry : three- 

 celled, inferior. Seeds : solitary. The species are, 



1. Triosteum Perfoliutum. Leaves oblong, connate; flow- 

 ers sessile, in whorls. Root perennial, composed of thick 

 fleshy fibres, which are contorted and rough ; stems several, 

 strong, herbaceous, rising a foot and half high, having at 

 each joint two oblong broad leaves, embracing the stem; 

 from the bosom of these come out the flowers in whorls, sit- 

 ting very close to the stem ; they are. small, of a dark red 

 colour, inclining to purple, and appear at the beginning of 

 June. Native of North America. See the next species. 



2. Triosteum Ansustifolium. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, 

 connate ; peduncles opposite, one-flowered. This differs from 

 the first species in having longer and narrower leaves : the 

 flowers stund single upon short peduncles, and there are but 

 two at each joint, whereas the other has many growing in 

 sessile whorls round the stalks. The roots of both thcsf! 

 plants are used indiscriminately in North America, as an 

 emetic, for Ipecacuanha. Grows on the borders of woods in 

 Virginia and Carolina. Both species are hardy enough tc 

 thrive in the open air, but should be planted on a moist light 

 soil ; and, on dry ground, must be watered constantly in 

 dry weather. Sow the seeds on a border of light earth, where 

 only the morning sun comes. If they be sown in the spring, 

 they will remain in the gi-ound a whole year, during which 

 time the border must be constantly kept clean. If sown in 

 autumn, they will come up in the following spring: keep 

 them constantly clean, for if weeds be permitted to grow 



