724 



VAC 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



VAC 



the mountains between Miaco and Jedo. This, like all the 

 hrubby plants of this genus, is difficult of culture in gardens, 

 because they require a moorish or boggy soil, which for some 

 time must be kept covered with wet moss. 



4. Vaccinium Stamineum ; Green-wooded Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Peduncles solitary, naked, one-flowered ; 

 antherse longer than the corolla ; leaves oblong, ovate-acute, 

 quite entire, somewhat glaucous beneath ; style longer than 

 the stem. The berries are large, partly pyriform and green 

 when ripe, bitter, and scarcely edible. It flowers in May 

 and June. Native of North America. 



5. Vaccinium Uliginosum ; Great or Marsh Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Peduncles one-flowered ; leaves obovate, quite 

 entire, smooth; branches round. This grows taller than the 

 common sort, and of a more glaucous hue; flowers flesh- 

 coloured, or pink, the calix and corolla mostly four-cleft. 

 They appear in April and May, and the berries ripen in Au- 

 gust. The fruit has less flavour than the common Bilberry, 

 abounding with a weak acid juice. In large quantities it oc- 

 casions giddiness and a slight headache, especially when full 

 grown and quite ripe. Many French vintners are said to use 

 the juice to colour their wines red. They furnish an ardent 

 spirit, which is highly volatile and intoxicating. The Alpine 

 birds feed upon the fruit, which is very common in the lofty 

 regions which they frequent. Native of many parts of Europe, 

 and of Siberia. Found upon some mountainous marshy heaths 

 in Great Britain, where however it is not general. It has 

 been seen at Gamblesbyin Cumberland: in Whinfield forest, 

 Westmoreland; and in the Highlands of Scotland. 



6. Vaccinium Album ; White Bilberry or Whortleberry. 

 Peduncles simple; leaves quite entire, ovate, tomentose 

 beneath ; flowers two or three at the ends of the branches. 

 Native of Pennsylvania. 



7. Vaccinium Mucronatum; Pointed-leaved Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Peduncles quite simple, one-flowered; leaves 

 ovate, mucronate, smooth, quite entire ; branches round, 

 glaucous. Native of North America. 



8. Vaccinium DifYusum; Shining -leaved Bilberry or Whor- 

 tleberry. Peduncles solitary, naked, one-flowered; leaves 

 ovate, acute, indistinctly serrate, somewhat villose. It 

 flowers from May to July. Native of South Carolina. 



9. Vaccinium Angustifoliutn ; Narrow-leaved Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Peduncles solitary, one-flowered; leaves ellip- 

 tic-lanceolate, smooth, indistinctly serrulate. It flowers in 

 April and May. Native of Newfoundland and Labrador. 



10. Vaccinium Corymbosum; Corymbed Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Flowers corymbed, ovate; leaves oblong, 

 acuminate, quite entire. Fruit subacid, and agreeable. 

 Found in North America. 



11. Vaccinium Bracteatum ; Bracted Japan Whortle- 

 berry. Racemes leafy ; leaves serrate, acute; stem entirely 

 smooth; branches and branchlets alternate, divaricating; 

 corolla cylindrical, white. It flowers in June. The Japa- 

 nese, of whose country it is a native, call it Ki-Fusi. 



12. Vaccinium Ciliatum; Ciliate Japan Whortleberry. 

 Racemes leafed; leaves ovate, quite entire, hispid; stem ash- 

 coloured, smooth; corolla red. Native of Japan, where it 

 is called Sasjcbu. 



13. Vaccinium Fuscatum; Cluster-flowered Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Racemes almost naked; corollas cylindric- 

 ovate; calices acute; leaves elliptic, acute, quite entire; veins 

 somewhat villose beneath. It flowers in May and June. 

 Native of North America. 



14. Vaccinium Frondosum; Obtuse-leaved Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Racemes bracted ; pedicels bracteolate ; corol- 

 las subcampanulate; leaves obovate-oblong, quite entire, de- 



ciduous. Berries and under side of the leaves glaucous; fruit 

 large, and but rarely copious, agreeable, but quickly deliques- 

 cent, and subject to be infected by the larva of insects. It 

 flowers in June. Native of North America. 



15. Vaccinium Venustum ; Red-twigged Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Racemes bracted ; pedicels bracteolate ; 

 corollas subcampanulate ; leaves elliptic, quite entire, deci- 

 duous, smooth. It flowers in May and June. Native of 

 North America. 



16. Vaccinium Ligustrinum ; Naked-racemed Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Racemes naked ; stem shrubby ; leaves cre- 

 nulate, oblong. Native of Pennsylvania. 



17. Vaccinium Resinosum; Clammy Bilberry or Whortle- 

 berry. Racemes bracted; corollas ovate; leaves elliptic, 

 sharpish, quite entire, deciduous, bedewed with resinous 

 atoms. Native of North America. 



18. Vaccinium Amoenum ; Broad-leaved Bilbeiry or 

 Whortleberry. Racemes bracted ; corollas subcylindrical ; 

 leaves elliptic, subserrulate, deciduous ; veins somewhat vil- 

 lose beneath. Native of North America. 



19. Vaccinium Virgatum ; Rivet-leaved Whortleberry. 

 Racemes sessile ; corollas subcylindrical , leaves oblong- 

 elliptic, serrulate, deciduous, smooth on both sides ; flower- 

 ing-branches elongated. Native of North America. 



20. Vaccinium Tenellum ; Gall-leaved Dwarf Bilberry 

 or Whortleberry. Racemes bracted, sessile ; corollas ovate, 

 cylindrical; leaves oblong-elliptic, somewhat wedge-shaped, 

 serrulate, deciduous, smoothish. The fruit is rather small, 

 and too saccharine, but very agreeable, and brought in great 

 quantities to the Philadelphia market. They are sometimes 

 called Sugar Huckleberries. Native of North America. 



21. Vaccinium Arctostaphylos ; Madeira Bilberry or 

 Whortleberry. Flowers racemed ; leaves crenulate, ovate, 

 acute ; stem arboreous. It flowers in June and July. Na- 

 tive of Madeira and the Levant. 



22. Vaccinium Galezans. Leaves sessile, cuneate-lance- 

 olate, subserrulate, venose, pubescent; fascicles sessile; 

 pedicels very short; calicles acuminate; corolla ovate; style 

 standing out; flowers small, yellowish-white; berries small, 

 globular, black. Grows in the shady woods and swamps of 

 Virginia and Car9lina. 



23. Vaccinium Cespitosum. Plant small, cespitose, very 

 glabrous; leaves cuneate-oboval, rotimdate-obtuse, conspi- 

 cuously serrate, membranaceous ; flowers branchy, solitary, 

 subsessile ; corolla with a short pedicel ; berries black. A 

 little shrub not above three inches high, growing in the more 

 northern regions, particularly about Hudson's Bay. 



* With evergreen Leaves. 



24. Vaccininm Meridionale; Jamaica Bilberry or Whortle- 

 berry. Leaves ovate-oblong, acute, serrate, perennial, flat- 

 lucid ; racemes terminating, erect; corollas prismatical, sel- 

 dom five-cleft ; flowers variegated. Berry roundish, juicy, 

 pleasantly flavoured, pale red. Native of Jamaica. 



25. Vaccinium Cereum; Otaheite Whortleberry. Pedun- 

 cles solitary, one-flowered ; corollas quinquangular, ovate ; 

 leaves ovate-roundish, serrate ; corolla bell-shaped. Native 

 of Otaheite. 



26. Vaccinium Vitis Idrea; Red Bilberry, Whortleberry, 

 or Cowberry. Racemes terminating, nodding ; leaves obo- 

 vate, revolute, toothletted, dotted beneath. Roots creep- 

 ing, woody; stem mostly upright, little branched, twisted 

 or flexuose, angular, smooth, pliant. An elegant drooping 

 cluster of bell-shaped blush-coloured or pale pink flowers 

 terminates the stem or branches. The berries are red, acid, 

 astringent, and bitter. They are scarcely to be eaten-raw ; 

 and though made into pies in Derbyshire, where they are 



