784 



UT R 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL ; 



U V A 



be perennial ; the stem floats horizontally under water, alter- 

 nately divided into two capillary branches ; with bristly leaves, 

 bearing little compressed curved bladders, open and bearded 

 at the tip, containing a bubble of air, and a drop of watery 

 fluid, in which, when highly magnified, appears a quantity of 

 extreme minute solid particles : aquatic insects frequently 

 inhabit these bladders. The stalk rises erect, only a few 

 inches above the water, and is rendered conspicuous by its 

 large spike of handsome alternate yellow flowers. It is a 

 perfectly aquatic plant, not very common in Great Britain, 

 but found all over Europe, in ditches and stagnant waters ; 

 flowering after midsummer. 



4. Utricularia Minor ; Small Bladderwort, or Hooded Mil- 

 foil. Nectary keeled, very short, obtuse ; root capillaceous, 

 very tender, floating, loaded with very small membranaceous 

 bladders; scape length of the fringe, simple, very slender, 

 dividing towards the top into three peduncles, having a 

 bracte under each. This agrees in appearance with the 

 foregoing species, but is not half the size. Native of Eu- 

 rope; flowering in July. Found in Great Britain, in the 

 river on Hounslow Heath ; upon Hinton, Feversham, Ful- 

 bourn, and Chippenham moors ; in Gamlingay bogs, Cam- 

 bridgeshire ; St. Faith's bogs, Norwich ; at Causton decoy, 

 Yarmouth ; at Ampthill and Potton marshes, in Bedford- 

 shire ; near Glastonbury, Somersetshire ; on the turfy bogs 

 of Westmoreland and Cumberland; and in various boggy 

 places in Scotland. 



5. Utricularia Obtusa ; Blunt-horned Bladderwort. Nec- 

 tary bent in, obtuse, subemargmate ; root capillary, branched, 

 whitish ; flowers terminating, alternate, three or four, small, 

 yellow, on long one-flowered peduncles. It very much re- 

 sembles the preceding species, but is distinct from it by hav- 

 ing a blunt subemarginate nectary. Native of Jamaica, in 

 marshy rivulets ; flowering the whole of the summer. 



6. Utricularia Subulata ; Awl-shaped Bladderwort. Nec- 

 tary awl-shaped ; leaves capillaceous ; flowers small, bright 

 yellow. Found from Canada to Carolina. 



7. Utricularia Gibba; Gibbous Bladderwort. Nectary gib- 

 bous. Floating. Native of Virginia. 



8. Utricularia Bifida ; Cloven Bladderwort. Scape naked, 

 bifid ; racemes double ; flowers alternate, yellow, with the 

 upper lip sharp at the sides. Native of China. 



9. Utricularia Capillacea; Hair-like Bladderwort. Scape 

 naked, capillary, three-flowered ; flowers nodding; capsule 

 awl-shaped; plant scarcely an inch high, with a naked root, 

 somewhat branching. Native of the East Indies. 



10. Utricularia Coerulea ; Blue Bladderwort. Scape 

 naked ; scales alternate, wandering, awl-shaped ; flowers 

 few, terminating, subsessile, with a spur the length of the 

 flower. Native of Ceylon and Malabar. 



11. Utricularia Stellaris ; Starry Bladderwort. Bladdery 

 whorl of the bractes ciliary; roots capillary, branched, 

 whorled, floating, but without bladders. In the middle of 

 the scape, and at the surface of the water, are from four to 

 six ovate, ciliate, two-celled follicles in whorls, in order to 

 support the scape in the water. Native of the East Indies. 



12. Utricularia Recurva; Recurved Bladderwort. Leaf- 

 less : nectary recurved ; spike simple ; root fibrous, short, 

 without bladders ; stem four inches high, slender, quite 

 simple, erect; corolla yellow, with a conical nectary. 

 Found in Cochin-china. 



13. Utricularia Aurea; Golden. Bladderwort. Leafless: 

 nectary conical, compressed ; flowers in racemes ; corolla 

 golden coloured, with a convex emarginate throat, and a 

 conical compressed nectary. Native of Cochin-china, in 

 slow-flowing rivers. 



14. Utricularia Ceratophylla. Scape with leaves vesicu- 

 lose, cylindrical, divided at the tip, ramentaceous ; racemes 

 of from six to ten flowers, larger, but resembling those of 

 the third species, yellow. This is the largest of the Ame- 

 rican species. Found from the lower part of the Delaware 

 to Florida, floating. 



15. Utricularia Fibrosa. Nectary obtuse ; scape subunt- 

 florous; leaves setaceous ; stems purple; flowers orange. 

 Grows in the morasses of the Pine-barrens of Carolina. 



16. Utricularia Biflora. Nectary subulate ; scape subbi- 

 florous ; leaves setaceous ; flowers small, yellow. Grows on 

 the margin of ponds, in Lower Carolina. 



17. Utricularia Purpurea. Nectary cariuate, very short; 

 segments of the corolla rotundate ; scape two and three 

 flowered ; flowers bright purple, small. Found floating on 

 the lakes and ponds of Carolina. 



18. Utricularia Cornuta. Nectary subulate; lip of the 

 corolla inferior, very large ; scape biflorous ; flowers large, 

 bright yellow. Grows near mountain lakes, from Canada to 

 Virginia, in calcareous soil. 



Many other species of Utricularia are described by 

 botanists, several of them natives of New Holland. 



Uvaria; a genus of the class Polyandria, order Polygy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth three-leaved, 

 flat; leaflets ovate, acute, permanent. Corolla: petals six, 

 lanceolate, sessile, spreading, longer than the calix. Stamina : 

 filamenta none ; antherse numerous, truncate, oblong, cover- 

 ing the germen, on which they are placed. Pistil: germen 

 ovate ; styles numerous, length of the antherse, terminating 

 the head ; stigmas obtuse. Pericarp : berries numerous, 

 distinct, globular, peduncled, fastened to an oblong recep- 

 tacle. Seeds: numerous. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: 

 three-leaved. Petals: six. Berries : numerous, pendulous, 

 four-seeded. The species are, 



1. Uvaria Zeylanica. Branches trailing; leaves lanceo- 

 late, acuminate ; peduncle one-flowered, solitary ; petals 

 roundish, obtuse, equal; corolla dusky red. This shrub has 

 no tendrils, but it climbs by means of a long unarmed 

 branching stem. Native of the East Indies. 



2. Uvaria Lanceolata ; Lance-wood Uvaria. Leaves lan- 

 ceolate, quite entire ; flowers axillary, solitary ; branches 

 wand-like; berries soft, small, one-celled, containing only one 

 seed. This is a native of Jamaica, where it is reckoned one 

 of the best timber-trees in the island, especially where strength 

 or elasticity is required, but it rarely grows to any consider- 

 able size. It is imported for the shafts of light carriages, 

 under the name of Lance-wood. 



3. Uvaria Cerasoides ; Cherry-fruited Uvaria. Leaves 

 lanceolate, acute, pubescent beneath ; peduncles one-flowered, 

 solitary ; petals ovate, acute, equal. Trunk erect, long, and 

 perfectly straight ; branches spreading, horizontal ; branch- 

 lets two-faced. This large tree is a native of the inland 

 mountainous parts of the Circars, and does not cast its 

 leaves and flowers during the hot season. The wood is used 

 for many purposes by the natives, who eat the ripe berries, 

 which are good, though astringent. 



4. Uvaria Suberosa; Cork-barked Uvaria. Leaves oblong, 

 acute, smooth ; peduncles one-flowered, solitary ; the three 

 inner petals lanceolate. Trunk remarkably straight, with a 

 scabrous bark, very deeply split in various directions ; branches 

 horizontal, two-faced. This is more common than the pre- 

 ceding species, though it seldom reaches the size of a tree, 

 except among the mountains. It is in flower and fruit all 

 the year, and does not cast its leaves ; the wood also is pre- 

 ferred to the former, being more useful, durable, and elastic. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



