WAL 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



WAL 



789 



the most choice sorts of fruit-trees on both sides, suiting 

 them to the nature of the aspect, in both the tender and the 

 hardy kinds, some being placed on the full south walls, others 

 on the west and east aspects of them, as well as on their 

 northern exposures ; however, in general, allotting those of 

 the best sorts, of the former as well as latter description, to 

 the walls with southern exposures or aspects ; as all those of 

 the Peach, Nectarine, Apricot, Vine, Fig, and others of the 

 tender varieties of fruit-trees, as noticed already ; and some 

 of those of the finest kinds of Cherries, Plums, Pears, and 

 Apples, in the more hardy fruit-tree kinds. The less fine 

 kinds of all or most of these tender and hardy sorts, but 

 chiefly of the latter, may be planted against the walls which 

 have western or eastern aspects ; and those which have 

 northern exposures or aspects may have some of the latter 

 sorts, as summer Pears, Plums, Morello Cherries, and Cur- 

 rants, placed against them for later successional ripening. 

 Experience has now fully shewn, that the crops of fruit are 

 the most abundant, and of the best-quality, where the walls, 

 against which the trees are arranged and nailed, are well 

 built in the perfectly straight form, as they protect the blos- 

 soms and young fruit in the most favourable manner for the 

 purpose. 



Wallenia; a genus of the class Tetrandria, order Monogy- 

 nia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : perianth inferior, of 

 one leaf, in four erect obtuse segments, permanent. Co- 

 rolla : of one petal, tubular ; tube cylindrical, erect, longer 

 than the calix ; limb in four, shallow, ovate, obtuse, erect, 

 converging segments. Stamina: filamenta four, inserted 

 into the base of the corolla, dilated at the bottom, half erect, 

 as long again as the corolla, and rather spreading in that 

 portion beyond its limb; antheree ovate, incumbent. Pis- 

 til: germen superior, oblong; style awl-shaped, shorter than 

 the stamina and corolla, permanent; stigma simple, obtuse. 

 Pericarp : berry roundish, of one cell. Seeds : solitary, 

 roundish, with a brittle shell. Observe. Some male flowers 

 occasionally occur, which have no pistil, rendering the genus 

 polygamous. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix : four-cleft, 

 inferior. Corolla : tubular, four-cleft. Berry : with one 

 seed. The species are, 



1. Wallenia Laurifolia; Laurel. -leaved Wallenia. Branches 

 round ; they are long, subdivided, as thick as a goose-quill, 

 twining about every thing in their way, marked with scars 

 from the insertion of former foliage; leaves on round smooth 

 footstalks, obovate, obtuse, entire, smooth, shining, slightly 

 ribbed and striated, about four inches long, and almost half 

 as broad in the middle; stipules none; panicle terminal, 

 with spreading, alternate, partly level-topped, subdivided 

 branches. The stem is woody, from ten to twenty feet high, 

 having a smooth bark, and no thorns or prickles; flowers 

 stalked, yellow, inodorous, about half an inch long, nume- 

 rous, very beautiful ; berry scarlet. It is a native of bushy 

 places, on the mountains of Jamaica and Hispaniola, flower- 

 ing in spring and autumn. 



2. Wallenia Angularis ; Angular-branched Wallenia. 

 Branches angular, smooth. Leaves larger than in the fore- 

 going species, alternate on the lower part of each branch, 

 opposite, or even whorled, above, all very smooth and shining ; 

 panicle terminal, erect, many-flowered, somewhat corymbose, 

 its ultimate divisions umbellate or capitate ; flowers green, 

 about the size of the preceding, but the calix seems less 

 deeply divided, more hairy, and the corolla smoother; stigma 

 downy. Native of the East Indies ; and cultivated in the 

 island of Mauritius, where it grows to the height of twenty- 

 five feet, and is as thick as a man's leg. 



Walnut Tree. See Juglans. 



Waltheria; a genus of the class Monadelphia, order Pent- 

 andria. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth inferior, 

 double ; the outer unilateral, of three leaves, deciduous ; inner 

 of one leaf, cloven half way down into five acute segments, 

 cup-shaped, permanent. Corolla: petals five, inversely heart- 

 shaped, spreading, their claws inserted into the lower part of 

 the tube of the filamenta. Stamina : filamenta five, united 

 into a tube, their upper part separate, spreading, short; 

 antherse ovate. Pistil: germen superior, ovate; style thread- 

 shaped, longer than the stamina; stigmas tufted. Pericarp: 

 capsule obovate, of one cell, and two valves. Seeds: solitary, 

 obtuse, dilated upwards. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: 

 double ; the outer lateral, of three leaves, deciduous. Petals : 

 five. Style : one. Capsule : of one cell, and two valves. 

 Seed: solitary. The species are, 



1. Waltheria Americana; American Waltheria. Leaves 

 oval, plaited, downy, unequally and sharply toothed : they 

 are alternate, stalked, one to two inches, or more, in length, 

 strongly veined, plaited at the edges, extremely soft on both 

 sides, with dense, hoary, minutely starry pubescence; stipules 

 awl-shaped ; heads of flowers stalked ; flowers small, yellow, 

 in dense, axillary, solitary tufts, each on a stout, straight, 

 downy stalk, various in length, but usually nearly equal to 

 the corresponding footstalk. Native of the Bahama islands, 

 and South America. This, the second, and fifth species, may 

 be increased by seeds, which must be sown on a hot-bed; 

 and when the plants are fit to plant out, they must be each 

 removed into a separate small pot, and plunged into a fresh 

 hot-bed, being afterwards treated in the same manner as other 

 plants kept in the bark-stove. In the second year they flower 

 and produce seeds, but may be continued three or four years, 

 if they be often shifted, and the roots pared, to keep them 

 within compass. In order to keep the roots out of the tan, 

 they should be drawn up out of it at least once in six weeks, 

 during the summer season, and the plants may be shifted out 

 of the pots once in two months. With this management the 

 second and fifth sorts may be continued several years, but 

 the first seldom lasts beyond two. 



2. Waltheria Indica; East Indian Waltheria. Leaves 

 oval, plaited, downy, bluntly ' toothed ; heads of flowers ses- 

 sile. This is distinguished from the preceding species, by 

 the blunter and more shallow teeth of the leaves, the down of 

 which is less dense, and by the constantly sessile heads of 

 tawny yellow flowers. Native of the East Indies. 



3. Waltheiia Lophanthus ; Crested South-Sea Waltheria. 

 Leaves roundish-heart-shaped, serrated, stalked, clothed 

 with silky pubescence ; heads of flowers stalked ; bractes 

 imbricated. Native of the Marquisas. 



4. Waltheria Ovata ; Roundish-leaved Waltheria. Leaves 

 roundish, ovate, acute, unequally toothed, densely downy; 

 they are obscurely lobed, or angular, and one and a half, or 

 two inches long ; heads of flowers sessile. The flowers are 

 yellow, some of the lower tufts assembled upon short leafy 

 axillary branches, not nearly so long as the leaves. This is 

 a bushy shrub, three or four feet high, downy, and very soft 

 in every part. Native of Peru. 



5. Waltheria Angustifolia; Narrow-leaved Waltheria. 

 Leaves oblong, obtuse, plaited, toothed, hoary, half an inch 

 long, obtuse at each end; heads of flowers neary sessile, sup- 

 ported by very short stalks. Stem shrubby; the whole plant 

 invested with a thin pubescence. Native of the East Indies. 



6. Waltheria Elliptica; Elliptic-leaved Waltheria. Leaves 

 elliptic-oblong, obtuse, plaited, downy ; they are more 

 downy, and three times as long as in the preceding spe- 

 cies; heads of flowers sessile; petals obtuse, not emarginate. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



