808 



WIL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



WI L 



its teeth equal to the tube. The corolla is externally downy. 

 Found near Port Jackson in New South Wales. 



7. Westringia Glabra; Smooth Westringia. Leaves three 

 in a whorl, linear-lanceolate, flat, smooth on both sides, as 

 well as the calix. Native of New Holland. 



8. Westringia Rubisefolia; Madder-leaved Westringia. 

 Leaves four iu a whorl, elliptic-lanceolate, nearly flat, very 

 smooth and shining; calix nearly smooth. Found in Van 

 Diemen's Land. 



Wheat. See Triticum. 



Wheat, Cow. See Melampyrum. 



Wheat, Indian. See Zea. 



Whelera; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth inferior, 

 of one leaf, in five deep, roundish, erect, permanent seg- 

 ments, shorter than the corolla. Corolla : of one petal, bell- 

 shaped, spreading, in five deep, ovate, acute segments. Nec- 

 tary somewhat pitcher-shaped, in the bottom of the flower. 

 Stamina : filamenta five, awl-shaped, rather longer than the 

 corolla; antherse roundish. There are five other filamenta, 

 alternate with the former, and similar to them, but shorter, 

 and destitute of antherse. Pistil : germen superior, conical, 

 villous; style thread-shaped, twice the length of the corolla; 

 stigma simple. Pericarp : drupe roundish. Seed : nut large, 

 ovate, of one, two, or three cells. This is all that has been 

 accurately ascertained concerning this genus. 



Whin. See Ulex. 



Whin, Petty. See Genista and Ononis. 



White Beam Tree. See Crateegus. 



White Hellebore. See Veratrum. 



White Horehound. See Marrubium. 



White Leaf Tree. See Crat&gus. 



White Thorn. See Cratcegus Oxycantha. 



Whitlow Grass. See Draba and Saxifraga. 



Whortle Berry. See Vaccinium. 



Widow Wail. See Cneorum. 



Wild Basil. See Chinopodium. 



Wild Bugloss. See Lycopsis. 



Wild Cumin. See Lageecia. 



Wild Germander. See Veronica. 



Wild Liquorice. See Abrus. 



Wild Plantain. See Heliconia. 



Wild Rocket. See Brassica Muralis. 



Wild Rosemary. See Andromeda Pilifolia. 



Wild Service. See Crateegus Terminalis. 



Wild Tansy. See Potentilla Anserina. 



Wilderness, The in a garden should always be propor- 

 tioned to its size, and ought never to be situated too near 

 the house, because the trees exhale so large a quantity of 

 watery vapours, as make the air very unwholesome : though 

 it has been ascertained, that, on the whole, vegetables serve to 

 purify the atmosphere. The wilderness should never be 

 placed so as to intercept a good prospect; but where the 

 view naturally ends with the verge of the garden, or little 

 more, nothing terminates it so well as a fine plantation of 

 trees. The size of the trees should be considered, and tall- 

 growing ones should be planted in larger places; smaller, in 

 less extensive ; evergreens also should be kept by themselves, 

 and placed most in sight, not mingled confusedly among the 

 trees, which cast their leaves. The walks should be large, 

 and not numerous; the largest serpentine, and this should 

 not be entered upon in the grand walks of the garden, but 

 by some private walk. It is too common a method to dispose 

 the trees in wildernesses, in form of regular squares, triangles, 

 &c. but this is faulty ; for as nature should be studied in 

 these works of fancy, the most irregular, where the irregu- 



larity does not appear designed, is the most natural. On the 

 same account, walks (see Walks) are much more pleasing 

 when they run in wild meanders, than when they intersect 

 one another in studied and regular angles. The winding 

 walks should be made to lead to an open circular piece of 

 grass, with a statue and obelisk, or a fountain ; or if an open- 

 ing large enough for a banqueting-house be contrived in the 

 middle, it will afford a very pleasing scene. The trees 

 should gradually rise from the sides of the walks and open- 

 ings, one above another, to the middle of the quarters, where 

 the largest trees should stand, by which arrangement the heads 

 of all the trees will be displayed, while their stems remain 

 concealed; for the nakedness of the trees is to be hid, as much 

 as their growth promoted. The larger-growing trees should 

 be planted at a proportionable distance from each other, and 

 the interstices filled up, to conceal their stems, with Roses, 

 Spireeas, and other low-flowering shrubs, which may also be 

 planted near all the walks and openings ; and at the foot of 

 these, near the walks, may be set rows of Primroses, Violets, 

 and Daffodils, with other the like flowers ; behind the first 

 rank of lower-flowering shrubs should be planted those of a 

 somewhat higher stature, as the Cytisuses and Guelder Roses, 

 and behind these, rows of Lilacs and Laburnums ; behind 

 which again the heads only of the lower-growing trees will 

 appear, which should be backed gradually with those of 

 higher growth to the centre of the quarter, from whence the 

 heads of the trees should descend every way to the walks or 

 openings. The grand walks and openings should always be 

 laid with turf, and kept well mowed ; but, besides these, there 

 ought to be smaller serpentine walks through the several 

 quarters, where the earth is left bare, and only weeded, for 

 the purpose of privately walking. These walks should be 

 made as winding as possible, and have a few wood-flowers 

 planted along their sides, which will have a very good effect. 

 The evergreens should be allotted a peculiar part of the 

 wilderness, and such as fronts the house ; and in the plant- 

 ing of these, the same especial regard should be paid to the 

 rules above laid down. The first row may be Laurustines, 

 Boxes, Spurge, Laurels, Junipers, and Savins : the second 

 Laurels, Hollies, and Arbutuses : the third, Yews, Alater- 

 nuses, Phillyreas, Cypresses, and Virginian Cedars : the 

 fourth, Norway and Silver Firs, and the True Pine ; and to 

 crown all, the Scotch Pine and Pinaster. These will present 

 a very beautiful appearance when thus arranged, as they will 

 form an artful admixture of the several shades of green, in 

 the most pleasing gradations. See Plantations. 



Willdenovia; a genus of the class Dioecia, order Triandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix: perianth infe- 

 rior, of numerous, imbricated, membranous, pointed, perma- 

 nent glumes, longer than the fruit. Corolla : petals six, equal, 

 erect, oval, membranous, permanent. Stamina: filamenta 

 three, capillary, shorter than the corrolla ; antheree ovate, 

 oblong. Female: Calix and Corolla: as in the male. Pis- 

 til: germen superior, roundish ; style very short, two or three 

 clefts ; stigmas two or three, downy. Pericarp : drupe dry 

 roundish, smooth. Seed: nut solitary, of one cell. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Male. Calix: of many imbricated 

 glumes. Corolla : of six petals, permanent. Female. Calix 

 and Corolla: as in the male. Style: one. Stigmas: two or 

 three. Drupe : with one seed. The species are, 



1. Willdenovia Striata; Striated Willdenovia. Stem leaf- 

 less, round, striated, two feet high or more, erect, rushy, 

 hard, and rather shrubby, branched, usually simply forked, 

 rarely three-forked, round, jointed, striated, smooth ; the 

 branches also round and striated ; sheaths at each joint and 

 subdivision solitary, ovate, close, brown, smooth; flowerg 



