824 



X YL 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



X YL 



mark the place where it finally bursts. Found upon fallen 

 Hawthorn leaves in spring. 



10. Xyloma Salignum ; Willow Xyloma. Aggregate, and 

 rather crowded, orbicular, thin, with a somewhat convex disk. 

 Found upon the leaves of Sahx Capr&a. 



11. Xyloma Populinum ; Aspen Xyloma. Aggregate, 

 flattened, variously shaped, smooth, opaque, black. This is 

 about a line broad ; the disk is grayish in some places. 

 Found in the spring on the old leaves of Populus Tremula. 



12. Xyloma Concentricum; Concentric Xyloma. Simple; 

 receptacles small, orbicular, depressed, somewhat conical, 

 concentrical, of a sooty gray. Receptacles like small scattered 

 dots, at first black, afterwards sooty or grayish, bursting 

 finally at the summit. Found on the half-decayed leaves of 

 Populus Tremula. 



13. Xyloma Fagineum; Beech Xyloma. Minute, crowded, 

 of a shining black, orbicular, plaited, a little depressed. 

 Found like black dots on the under side of fallen and dried 

 Beech leaves. 



14. Xyloma Alneum ; Alder Xyloma. Minute, scattered, 

 roundish, plaited. This species consists of a few black dis- 

 tinct dots, which are found in summer upon green Alder leaves. 



Xylomelum; a genus of the class Tetrandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix : none. Corolla: 

 petals four, regular, equal, linear, externally hairy, a little 

 dilated and concave at the tip, revolute soon after expansion ; 

 nectary four glands at the base of the germen. Stamina: 

 filamenta four, very short, inserted rather above the middle 

 of each petal, and becoming prominent by its recurvation ; 

 antheree linear, indexed, of two lateral parallel lobes, with a 

 membranous edge, imperfect in some of the flowers. Pistil: 

 germen superior, roundish ; style erect, rigid, the length of 

 the petals, deciduous ; stigma vertical, club-shaped, obtuse, 

 often small and abortive. Pericarp : follicle woody, very 

 thick, ovate, of one excentric small cell, and bursting into 

 two divaricated half valves at the point. Seed: two, round- 

 ish, compressed, each with a terminal, oblong, rather oblique, 

 membranous wing, as long as the follicle. ESSENTIAL 

 CHARACTER. Petals : four, bearing the petals above the mid- 

 dle, regular, revolute. Nectariferous Glands : four. Stigma: 

 club-shaped. Style: deciduous. Follicle: woody, of one 



excentric cell, with two winged seeds. The only known 



species is, 



1. Xylomelum Pyriforme; Wooden Pear. It is a tree, 

 with opposite branches, downy and rusty when young; leaves 

 opposite, stalked, five inches long, lanceolate, acute at each 

 end, entire, rather coriaceous, smooth, with one rib, and 

 many prominent reticulated veins, pale and yellowish beneath, 

 clothed, when they first come out, with dense, deciduous, 

 rusty down ; footstalks flattish, an inch long, smooth ; stipules 

 none; spikes axillary, opposite, catkin-like, cylindrical, dense, 

 much shorter than the leaves, many-flowered, shaggy with 

 rusty down ; flowers sessile, hardly an inch long, in pairs, 

 each pair accompanied with one small downy bracte. The 

 fruit is ovate, or inversely pear-shaped, very hard, even, 

 downy, two or three inches in length ; seeds and wings 

 brown. Found on the eastern coast of New Holland, grow- 

 ing on stony hilly ground. 



Xylophylla ; a genus of the class Monoecia, order Mona- 

 delphia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Male. Calix: perianth 

 in six deep regular segments ; the three innermost largest. 

 Corolla : petals none, unless the calix or its inner segments 

 be taken for such ; nectary of six globular glands. Stamina : 

 filamenta united into a very short column ; antherse three or 

 six, roundish, two-lobed. Female, on the same plant, and in 

 the same situation, as the male. Calix : and Nectary : as in 



the male. Pistil: germen superior, sessile, roundish; styles 

 three, short, spreading; stigmas three-cleft. Pericarp: cap- 

 sule roundish, with three furrows, three cells, and six elastic 

 valves. Seeds: two in each cell, roundish. ESSENTIAL CHA- 

 RACTER. Male. Calix : in six deep segments, three of them 

 interior. Petals : none. Nectary : of six globose glands. 

 Female. Calix and Nectary : like the male. Styles : three. 

 Stigmas: three-cleft. Capsule: of three cells, with six elastic 

 valves. Seeds: two in each cell. The plants of this genus 

 are increased by sowing the seeds in pots in the early spring, 

 and plunging them in a hot-bed; when the plants are come 

 up two or three inches in growth, they should be pricked out 

 in separate pots, replunging them in the bark-bed: they may 

 afterwards be managed as other stove plants, of a similar 

 growth. Some of the species may be raised in a hot-bed by 

 offsets, slips, and cuttings. They require the constant pro- 

 tection of the stove in winter, but in the hot summer months 

 may be set out in their pots, in a sheltered situation, being 

 taken in on the approach of cold nights. They afford variety, 

 and are curiosities in the stove, among other plants of similar 

 growth. The species are, 



1. Xylophylla Longifolia; Long-leaved Sea-side Laurel. 

 Leaves linear, alternately toothed ; flowers solitary at each 

 tooth. Trunk shrubby, almost as thick as a man's arm, divid- 

 ing above into many round branches, as thick as the finger. 

 The calix is red, resembling a small clove, bearing a roundish- 

 oblong fruit like a Bay-berry ; when opened, a small nucleus 

 is found resembling a grain of rice, fixed on the stalk, and 

 tasting sweet like a filbert. Found only on the lofty, stony, 

 cold mountains of the isle of Ceram. 



2. Xylophylla Latifolia; Broad-leaved Sea-side Laurel. 

 Leaves rhomboid, crenate; notches crowded, each bearing 

 one or more stalked flowers. The stem is four or five feet 

 high, with a round bushy head ; leaves a foot long, alternate, 

 stalked, alternately pinnate ; leaflets twelve or more, nearly 

 sessile, one and a half or two inches long, ovate-rhomboid, 

 acute, hard and rigW, erect, striated, smooth, entire towards 

 the base ; flowers copious, small, green, on simple crimson 

 stalks; those of the female flowers much the longest. This 

 elegant and singular shrub flowers in a stove copiously in 

 August and September. Native of lime-stone rocks, near 

 the sea-side, in the West Indies. 



3. Xylophylla Arbuscula ; Lanceolate-leaved Sea-side Lau- 

 rel. Leaves pinnate, lanceolate, pointed, crenate ; notches 

 crowded, each bearing one or more stalked flowers. This is 

 suspected to be the same as the last, though the leaves are 

 narrower. Native of the sloping sides of lofty mountains, in 

 the southern parts of Jamaica. 



4. Xylophylla Falcata ; Sickle-leaved Sea-side Laurel. 

 Leaves scattered, linear-lanceolate, somewhat falcate, distantly 

 toothed. Stem five or six feet high, shrubby, with round 

 branches ; leaves not pinnate, with a flat stalk, as in the two 

 last species, but scattered irregularly over the branches, each 

 proceeding from a scaly bud, simple, five or six inches long, 

 one third of an inch wide, rigid, striated, tapering at the end, 

 entire towards the base, alternately toothed in the upper 

 part; the teeth an inch or more asunder. Flowers nearly 

 sessile, many together at each tooth, crimson, on short stalks, 

 some male and some female, but fewer of the latter in each 

 tuft. Native of the Bahamas. 



5. Xylophylla Angustifolia ; Narrow-leaved Sea-side Lau- 

 rel. Leaves pinnate, linear-lanceolate, rather distantly tooth- 

 ed, scarcely curved ; flowers on short stalks, polygamous, one 

 or more from each tooth ; they are red, the males palest. 

 Stem only two feet in height. Native of rocky situations, in 

 the western parts of Jamaica. 



