ZIZ 



OR, BOTANICAL DICTIONARY. 



Z I Z 



83? 



3. Ziziphora Spicata ; Spiked Ziziphora. Flowers in 

 racemose spikes, imbricated ; bractes ovate, acute, ribbed ; 

 leaves lanceolate, somewhat toothed. Stem from ten to 

 eighteen inches high, throwing out from the base a branch or 

 two as tall as itself; flowers several, on short stalks, standing 

 near together. This is suspected to be a variety of the pre- 

 ceding species, but seems to differ in having the stem-leaves 

 lanceolate, narrower than those that accompany the flowers, 

 which are ovate, not obovate. Annual. Native of Spain. 



4. Ziziphora Tenuior; Spear-leaved Ziziphora. Flowers 

 axillary; leaves ovate-lanceolate, taper-pointed, acute, entire. 

 Root annual ; stem a span high, with many square downy 

 leafy branches; calix about half the length of the leaves, 

 hoary, with fine recurved pubescence, more or less inter- 

 mixed with long prominent bristly hairs; its lower part swel- 

 ling much as the seeds ripen ; corolla pale, hairy externally, 

 with a dilated throat. Native of Syria. 



5. Ziziphora Acinoides ; Basil-leaved Ziziphora. Flowers 

 axillary; leaves ovate, stalked, many-ribbed, somewhat ser- 

 rated, dotted with pellucid spots; stems diffuse, branched, 

 bluntly quadrangular, finely downy; calix cylindrical, strongly 

 ribbed, not downy, but beset with numerous prominent hori- 

 zontal hairs ; corolla hairy, its border larger than the first and 

 second species, scarcely so long as the third, of a light purple 

 or lilac colour, the lip especially; antheree large, ovate, pur- 

 ple. Native of Siberia. 



6. Ziziphora Taurica ; Narrow-leaved Ziziphora. Flowers 

 axillary; leaves linear-lanceolate, striated, obtuse, entire. 

 Root annual, long, tapering and zigzag; stems one or more, 

 scarcely divided, except at the bottom, ascending, nearly a 

 span long, not composed of opposite branches crossing each 

 other, as in the fourth species. Native of Mount Caucasus 

 and its neighbourhood, among limestone rocks, or about the 

 stony banks of torrents, flowering in June and July. 



7. Ziziphora Serpyllacea; Thyme-headed Ziziphora. Clus- 

 ters terminal, capitate, somewhat leafy; leaves lanceolate, 

 naked, even, obtuse; steins rather shrubby, ascending, 

 woody, and their branches hoary, with fine recurved dense 

 hairs ; flowers stalked, crowded at the summit of each branch 

 into a close tuft, some of the lowermost axillary ; flower-stalks 

 round, clothed with the finest possible hoary pubescence, as 

 are also the strong ribs of the calix, the te^th of which are 

 fringed with long white hairs. Native of the grassy hills of 

 Caucasus, flowering from June to August. 



8. Ziziphora Dasyantha ; Hairy-headed Ziziphora. Clus- 

 ters terminal, capitate, somewhat leafy; calix densely hairy; 

 leaves ovate, obtuse, notched ; stems procumbent. Root per- 

 ennial and rather woody, as is the lower part of the spread- 

 ing, nearly prostrate, hairy, purplish stems ; flowers nume- 

 rous, crowded into very dense oval heads. Native of moun- 

 tainous parts of Georgia, flowering from July to September. 



Ziziphus ; a genus of the class Pentandria, order Mono- 

 gynia. GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth inferior, 

 of one leaf, nearly flat, in five spreading, ovate, equal, 

 coloured, deciduous segments. Corolla: petals five, minute, 

 obovate, between the segments of the calix, but much shorter, 

 opposite to the stamina, spreading horizontally. Stamina : 

 filamenta five, short, lying over the petals, and not half so 

 long; antherce roundish, of two lobes. Pistil: germen 

 superior, orbicular, depressed ; style one, very shoit ; stigmas 

 two or three, obtuse. Pericarp: drupe oval or roundish, 

 pulpy, of one cell. Seed: nut solitary, the shape of the 

 drupe, of one or two cells, with solitary kernels. ESSEN- 

 TIAL CHARACTER. Calix : flatfish, in five deep segments. 

 Petals : five, opposite to the stamina. Drupe : superior. 

 Nut: of one or two cells. The species are, 



* Without thorns or prickles. 



1. Ziziphus Lineata; Veiny Jujube. Stem erect, unarmed ; 

 leaves roundish-ovate, obtuse, wavy; clusters terminal, their 

 lower flowers axillary. This is a bushy shrub, often as tall 

 as a man, with copious, alternate, round, leafy, finely downy 

 branches; flowers about the ends of the branches, stalked, 

 partly axillary, partly collected into terminal smooth clusters ; 

 calix a little concave or bell-shaped at the base ; its segments 

 lanceolate, as also are the petals ; antherse black before they 

 burst; drupe small, oval, seated on the orbicular permanent 

 base of the calix. Found on the French island, in the river 

 of Canton, flowering in September. 



2. Ziziphus Volubilis ; Twining Jujube. Stem twining, 

 unarmed; leaves ovate, acute, scmewhat wavy; umbels axil- 

 lary and terminal, stalked. Flowers small, greenish-yellow; 

 fruit oblong, violet-coloured; branches round and smooth. 

 Found in deep swamps near the sea-coast from Virginia to 

 Carolina, flowering in June. 



3. Ziziphus Peruviana ; Peruvian Jujube. Stem unarmed; 

 leaves elliptic-obovate, sparingly and minutely toothed, some- 

 what angular, rather fleshy, smooth; petals acute, longer 

 than the calix. This is an evergreen, branching, loosely 

 spreading shrub, about three feet high, smooth in every part ; 

 branches a little zigzag, nearly round ; petals oval, pointed, 

 flat, larger than the calix. Native of Peru. 



4. Ziziphus Emarginata; Notched Jujube. Stem erect, 

 unarmed; leaves roundish-ovate, emarginate; umbels axil- 

 lary, stalked; petals none. Stem shrubby; branches round, 

 erect, rigid, with smooth gray bark, and angular extremities; 

 footstalks short; calix concave, with a spreading limb, in five 

 acute segments, divided as it were into two cavities ; fila- 

 menta very short, inserted below the divisions of the calix ; 

 antheree ovate, embraced at each side by the hollows in tin: 

 segments of the calix; stigmas two, obtuse. Found in the* 

 island of St. Bartholomew. 



** With prickly Branches. 



5. Ziziphus Lotus; Lotus Jujube. Prickles in pairs, one 

 of them hooked ; leaves elliptic-oblong, slightly crenate, 

 three-ribbed, smooth on both sides. This has the habit of a 

 Rhamnus, and the flowers of the Common Jujube; but the 

 fruit is rounder, smaller, and sweeter, about the size of sloes, 

 with a large stone. It is produced on every part of the 

 branches, like gooseberries, whereas that of the Common 

 Jujube grows only on the slender annual shoots thrown out 

 from the ends of the branches. The latter (the 15th species) 

 is twenty feet or more high, with a large furrowed stem, 

 twisted branches, knotty at the extremities, and larger oblong- 

 leaves ; while this is only three or four inches high, with 

 numerous shoots from the same root, which are smoother, 

 straighten, and paler or whitish ; the leaves small, round, and 

 more rigid. The prickles grow in pairs, both of them very 

 straight, slender, and sharp, when young, but in process of 

 time one becomes thickened and hooked, the other much 

 elongated, remaining quite straight. The Arabs call this 

 plant Seedra. Native of Africa, particularly of Tunis, in a 

 tract called Jerted, formerly the country of the Lotop/iar/i. 



6. Ziziphus Napeca ; Smooth Indian Jujube. Priirklus 

 generally in pairs, hooked ; corymbs axillary, many-flowered; 

 leaves ovate, acute, finely serrated, smooth on both sides; 

 fruit elliptical. Branches somewhat zigzag, round, or a little 

 angular, with smooth whitish bark, rough with mealy down 

 when young, like the flower-buds, stalks, anil voun<j leaves; 

 prickles stout, recurved, dark brown ; footstalks a quarter of 

 an inch long, a little downy; flowers very numerous, in dense, 



compound, downy or mealy, corymbose clusters, on short 

 axillary stalks ; drupe like an olive, elliptical, or somewhat 



