838 



ZIZ 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



ZO R 



ovate, its flavour acid and astringent. In Ceylon, Amboyna, 

 and other islands of the West Indies, of which this fruit is a 

 native, it is seldom eaten, but with salt, or as a sauce, to 

 excite appetite. 



7. Ziziphus Jujuba; White-leaved Indian Jujube. Prickles 

 solitary, de-flexed ; corymbs axillary, many-flowered ; leaves 

 roundish-ovate, obtuse, downy, and snow-white beneath. 

 When wild it becomes a moderately-sized tree; the branches, 

 flower-buds, stalks, and backs of the leaves, are all white, 

 with a fine, dense, entangled, rather starry pubescence ; 

 Mowers white, sometimes six-cleft, and hexandrous ; style 

 divided ; drupe globular, or somewhat heart-shaped ; nut 

 rugged, with two green kernels. The fruit is agreeably acid. 

 In England it is a stove-plant, flowering in April and May. 

 Native of the East Indies. 



8. Ziziphus Xylopyrus ; Wooden-fruited Indian Jujube. 

 Prickles solitary, recurved; leaves ovate, rather acute, some- 

 what heart-shaped, downy beneath ; flowers corymbose. 

 This tree is seldom higher than a man; branches hoary; 

 flowers in axillary stalked corymbs; calix downy; drupe 

 dry, insipid, slightly astringent, larger than a cherry; nut 

 rugged. Native of desert places, at the bottom of hills, in 

 the East Indies. 



9. Ziziphus Oenoplia; Velvet-leaved Jujube. Prickles 

 solitary, conical, recurved ; leaves unequally ovate or half 

 heart-shaped, acute, silky beneath. This is a small tree with 

 downy branches, and short thick hooked prickles; flowers in 

 little dense silky axillary tufts. Native of Ceylon. 



10. Ziziphus Iguanea ; Lizard Jujube. Prickles in pairs, 

 unequal, divaricated; leaves ovate, pointed, serrated, smooth 

 on both sides; clusters axillary, monoecious; petals wanting; 

 fruit roundish. This is an inelegant training shrub, with 

 round, zigzag, scarcely downy branches. The prickles are 

 long and slender, in pairs under each footstalk, one of them 

 always straight, the shortest curved, but not remarkably; 

 flowers small, yellow; drupe roundish, yellow, with a sweet 

 pulp, and a rugged one-celled nut. It is found in the West 

 Indies, and on the continent of America, in bushy, rocky, or 

 stony places, frequented by the Lacerta Iguana, which is 

 fond of the fruit, and hence its trivial name. 



1 1 . Ziziphus Chinensis ; Chinese Jujube. Young branches 

 prickly, downy, old ones unarmed ; leaves ovate-oblong, 

 sharply serrated ; petals reflexed under the calix. It is a 

 shrub three or four feet high, losing its slender unequal 

 bristle-like prickles as the branches advance; footstalks short 

 and downy; flowers small, whitish, axillary, solitary, or in 

 pairs, remarkable for their having petals so completely re- 

 flexed and concealed by the calix, as not to be visible when 

 viewed vertically. Native of China. 



12. Ziziphus Rottindifolia ; Round-leaved Jujube. Prickles 

 in pairs, one of them recurved ; leaves roundish-oval, downy 

 beneath. Branches slender, cylindrical; prickles small; 

 footstalks very short. Native of Ceylon. 



13. Ziziphus Angulata; Angular-branched Jujube. Prickles 

 in pairs, straight ; leaves roundish-oval, somewhat toothed, 

 smooth on both sides; branches acutely angular; which 

 strikingly distinguishes this species from all the rest. Native 

 country unknown. 



14. Ziziphus Vulgaris; Common Jujube. Prickles in pairs, 

 unequal; leaves ovate, abrupt, bluntly serrated, smooth; 

 flowers in axillary tufts; fruit elliptical. When wild it attains 

 the size of a small tree, with round, smooth, glaucous branches, 

 zigzag and leafy when young. The prickles make no appear- 

 ance on the young leafy shoots, but the following year they 

 become strong thorns, one of them an inch lone, the other 

 much shorter, and sometimes, but not always, recurved ; 



flowers yellowish, on short stalks, in little axillary tufts, not 

 much longer than the footstalks ; petals obtuse, half the 

 length of the calix ; stigmas two or three ; drupe the size 

 and shape of an olive, blood-red, sweet, mucilaginous, 

 esteemed good in soreness or inflammation of the mouth and 

 throat, but not received in our present practice. Native of 

 the south of Europe. This has been long cultivated in Eng- 

 land, but requires the shelter of a green-house, and never 

 bears any thing but blossoms. 



15. Ziziphus Spina Christi; Christ' s-thorn Jujube. Prickles 

 in pairs, straight; corymbs axillary, stalked, many-flowered; 

 leaves ovate, finely crenate, smooth on both sides ; fruit 

 globose, the size and shape of a sloe; footstalks scarcely an 

 inch long, downy on their upper side; bractes awl-shaped. 

 Native of Ethiopia and Palestine. 



Zoegea; a genus of the class Syngenesia, order Polyga- 

 mia-Frustranea. GENERIC CHARACTER. Common Calix: 

 ovate, imbricated, of numerous lanceolate fringed scales, the 

 inner ones linear-lanceolate, chaffy, longest. Corolla: com- 

 pound, radiant; florets of the disk numerous, perfect, of one 

 petal, with a slender tube, and a limb in five deep lanceolate 

 erect segments, those of the radius fewer, neuter, of one fiat, 

 ligulate, abrupt, sharply five-toothed petal. Stamina: in the 

 florets of the disk; filamenta five, short; anthera united into 

 a cylindrical tube. Pistil: in the same florets; germen 

 short; style capillary, very long, erect; stigma short, 

 cloven: in the radiant florets; germen a rudiment only, 

 without style or stigma. Pericarp: no other than the 

 unaltered closed calix. Seeds: in the florets of the disk, 

 solitary. Down: bristly; in the radius none. Receptacle: 

 bristly. Observe. This genus differs from Cantaurea only 

 in its flat or ligulate, not tubular, florets of the radius. 

 ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Receptacle : bristly. Seed-down: 

 of simple bristles. Florets: of the radius ligulate. Calix: 

 imbricated. The species are, 



1. Zoegea Leptaurea; Yellow Zoegea. The stem is much 

 branched, spreading in every direction, leafy, angular, and 

 roughish, twelve or eighteen inches high ; leaves alternate, 

 distant, roughish, entire, the lower ones pinnatifid, the rest 

 undivided, obtuse, tapering down into a foot? talk ; flowers 

 solitary, on long terminal stalks, large, nearly two inches 

 broad ; scales of the calix delicately fringed with tawny 

 bristles ; corolla of a shining golden yellow. It is a hardy 

 annual, flowering in July and August. Native of Siberia. 



2. Zoegea Capensis. See Athanasia Pumila. 



Zornia ; a genus of the class Diadclphia, order Dccandria. 

 GENERIC CHARACTER. Calix: perianth inferior, of one 

 leaf, bell-shaped, two-lipped ; upper lip broad, abrupt, emar- 

 ginate, lower in three deep segments, the middle one longest. 

 Corolla: papilionaceous; standard inversely heart-shaped, 

 reflexed, revolute at the sides; wings ovate, erect, smaller 

 than the standard; keel divided at the base, bluntly rectan- 

 gular, the length of the wings. Stamina: filamenta in two 

 sets ; aiilhcriE, five of them oblong, five alternate ones globose. 

 Pistil: germen ovate; style awl-shaped, horizontal ; stigma 

 simple. Pericarp: legume of several roundish, compressed, 

 single-seeded joints, hispid, with barbed prickles, not burst- 

 ing. Seeds : solitary, kidney-shaped. These plants are her- 

 baceous, with one or two pairs of conjugate leaves, without 

 an odd one; flowers small, in axillary spikes, with large 

 leafy bractes. ESSENTIAL CHARACTER. Calix: bell-shaped, 

 two-lipped ; the upper lip abrupt. Standard: revolute. Keel: 

 angular; five alternate antherse oblong, five globose. Legume : 



of several single-seeded close hispid joints. The species 



are, 



1, Zornia Angustifolia ; Narrow-leaved Zornia. Leaflets 



