856 



THE UNIVERSAL HERBAL; 



Bignonia Catalpa. The Catalpa-tree. 

 lina. Leaves large but late. It fl 



30 or 40 feet. Caro- 

 flowers in August. Re- 



quires to be sheltered from wind. 

 Birch. See Betula. Bird-Cherry. See Prunus. 

 Carpinus Betulus. The Hornbeam-tree. 60 or 70 feet, but 



seldom seen of that height. Leafs in April. Varieties, 



Eastern, Cut-leaved, Gold-striped. 

 Carpinus Ostrya. Hop Hornbeam. About 20 feet. 

 Carpinus Virginiana. Flowering Hornbeam. 30 feet and 



upwards. Virginia. 



Castanea. See Fagus. Catalpa. See Bignonia. 

 Celtis australis. European Nettle-tree. 40 or 50 feet. 

 Celtis occidentalis. American Nettle-tree. Height the same. 

 Celtis orientalis. Oriental Nettle-tree. 10 or 12 feet. The 



fruit of the first is black, of the second purple, and of the 



third yellow. 

 Cerasus. See Prunus. 



Cercis Canadensis. Canada Judas-tree. 12 feet to 20. 

 Cercis Siliquastrum. Common Judas-tree. 20 feet. Both 



ornamental. Flower in May. 

 Cherry. See Prunus. 



Chestnut. See Fagus. Chestnut, Horse. See ^EscuLus. 

 Christ's-thorn. See Rhamnus. 

 Cornus mascula. Cornelian Cherry. 20 feet high. The 



other species are shrubs. 



Corylus Avellana. The Hazel-nut-tree is properly a Shrub. 

 Crab. See Pyrus. 

 Crataegus aria. White Beam-tree. 20 and 30 to 40 feet. 



Ornamental, particularly from the whiteness of the leaves. 



It leafs in April, and flowers in May, 

 Cratsegus terminalis. Wild Service. 40 or 50 feet. A fruit- 



tree. An Alpine variety, 20 feet high. The other species 



are shrubs. 

 Cupressus disticha. Deciduous Cypress-tree. 30 feet high 



and more. Native of America, where it is very large, 



above 70 feet high. 

 Cytisus Laburnum, commonly called Laburnum, may be 



trained as a tree, and will grow to the height of 15 or 20 



feet. Varieties are, Variegated broad-leaved, Scotch short- 



flowered, and Long-spiked narrow-leaved Laburnum. It 



is commonly cultivated as a flowering shrub, and all the 



other species are shrubs. 



Diospyros Lotus. European Date-Plum. 20 feet. 

 Diospyros Virginiana. American Date-Plum, or Pishamin, 



or Persimon. 15 or 16 feet. 

 Elreagnus angustifolia. Narrow-leaved Oleaster. Height 18 



feet. Leaves and twigs white. South of Europe, the Le- 



vant, and Russia. 



Elder. See Sambucus. Elm. See Ulmus. 

 Euonymus Europaeus. Common or narrow-leaved Spindle- 



tree. 20 feet. 

 Euonymus latifolius. Broad-leaved Spindle-tree. 25 feet. 



The first varies with white fruit ; and the second with 



variegated leaves. They commonly appear as shrubs in 



plantations. 

 Fagus Castanea. Common or Sweet Chestnut-tree. One of 



the largest timber trees ; but most excellent in coppice. 



Variety with gold stripes. 

 Fagus pumila. Dwarf Chestnut, or Chinijuapine, 12 or 14 



feet. North America. 

 Fagus sylvatica. The Common Beech-tree; attains a great 



height, size, and spread. Varieties, with yellow, and with 



white stripes; and with brown-purple leaves; when it has 



a rougher bark, the woodmen call it Hay-Beech. Some 



trees retain their leaves, others not. 

 Fothergilla alnifolia obtusa. Br.-leaved Fothergilla. N. Amer. 



Fraxinus Americana. American Ash-tree. There are seve- 

 ral varieties of this, White Ash, Red Ash, Black Ash, &c. 



Fraxinus excelsior. Common Ash-tree. Lofty. Varieties, 

 with simple leaves, which, however, sometimes become 

 lobed, and even ternate. With pendulous branches, the 

 Weeping Ash; gold-striped and silver-striped. 



Fraxinus Ornus. Flowering Ash-tree. 



Fraxinus rotundifolia. Manna Ash-tree. 15 or 16 feet. 



Ginkgo. See Salisburia. 



Gleditsia triacantlios. Triple-thorned Acacia. In America, 

 Honey-Locust. 30 to 40 feet. Leafs in June: flowers 

 at the end of July. Variety with fewer thorns, and one 

 seed in a pod. Water Acacia. Another with stronger 

 spines. 



Gnilandina dioica. Hardy Bonduc, or Canada Nickar-tree. 

 30 feet and more. 



Judas-tree. See Circis. Hazel-tree. See Corylus. 



Hornbeam. See Carpinus. 



Juglans alba. White Walnut-tree or Hickery. N. Amer. 



Juglan-s angustifolia. Narrow-leaved Walnut-tree. N. Amer. 



Juglans cinerea. Ash-coloured Walnut-tree. N. Amer. 



Juglans compressa. Flat-fruited Walnut-tree. N. Amer. 



Juglans nigra. Black Walnut-tree. N. Amer. 



Juglans oblonga. Oblong-fruited Walnut-tree. N. Amer. 

 There are other species in North America. The Black 

 Virginia Walnut grows 50 or 60 feet high, and the 

 others 30 or 40. They have very branching heads. 



Juglans regia. Common Walnut-tree. 50 or 60 feet. Leafs 

 and flowers in May. Varieties, Large, Thin-shelled, Dou- 

 ble-bearing, Late-ripe, &c. 



Jujube. See Rhamnus. 



Laburnum, See Cytisus. 



Larch. See Pinus. 



Laurus sestivalis. Willow-leaved Bay-tree. N. America. 

 South wall. 



Laurus Benzoin. Common Benjamin-tree. Virginia. 



Laurus Sassafras. Sassafras-tree. 



Lime-tree. See Tilia. 



Liquidambar imberbe. Oriental Liquidambar. 



Liquidambar styraciflua. Maple-leaved Liquidambar, or 

 Sweet Gum. 40 feet and upwards. N. Amer. 



Liriodendron tulipifera. Common Tulip-tree. 70 or 80 feet. 

 N. Amer. In England, about 40 feet. 



Magnolia acumLnata. Blue Magnolia. 30 to 40 feet. N. 

 America. 



Magnolia glauca> Sivamp Magnolia. 15 or 16 feet. North 

 America. 



Magnolia tripetala. Umbrella Magnolia, or Umbrella-tree. 

 16 to 20 feet. N. Amer. 



Maple. See Acer. Nettle-tree. See Celtis. 



Nyssa integrifolia. Mountain Tupelo, or Sour Gum. 30 to 

 40 feet. N. Amer. 



Nyssa denticulata. Water Tupelo. 80 to 100 feet in Caro- 

 lina and Florida. 



Oleaster. See Elseagnus. Oak. See Quercus 



Peach-tree. See Amygdalus. Pear. See Pyrus. 



Pinus larix. Common White Larch-tree. 50 feet. Leafs in 

 April. Pishamin. See Diospyros. 



Pistacia officinalis. Pistacia-tree. Trifolia, narbonensis, vera. 

 Levant. 



Pistacia Terebinthus. Turpentine-tree. South of Europe. 



Platanus occidentalis. American Plane-tree. Height 60 to 

 70 feet. N. Amer. 



Platanus orientalis. Oriental Plane-tree. Asia. Varieties, 

 Maple-leaved, Spanish, and Wave-leaved. 



Pomegranate. See Punica. 



