52 



ANDROGYNOUS CONES. 



II. PKOLIFICATION restricted in the cases here noticed to the 

 prolongation of the axis of the seminiferous cone along which 

 are produced foliage leaves, sometimes also transitional forms 

 instead of the usual seminiferous scales. 



III. FASCIATTON by which is understood the union of parts 

 usually separate in their adult condition, and its opposite or 

 FISSION which implies the division of organs usually entire. 



ANDROGYNOUS CONES. Many 

 instances have been recorded of 

 the presence of staminate and 

 ovuliferous flowers on the same 

 axis. Malformed cones of J'/rccf. 

 exceha have been observed in 

 which the lower part of the axis 

 was covered with stamens whilst 

 the upper terminal portion pro- 

 duced bracts and scales like an 

 ordinary seminiferous cone. The 

 stamens of the lower division 

 were serially continuous with 

 the bracts above. Some of the 

 lower scales of the ovulifcrous 

 portion were in the axils of the 

 uppermost stamens which last 

 were somewhat modified, the 

 anther cells being diminished 

 whilst the scale-like connective 

 had become more elongated and 

 pointed ; in fact more or less, 

 resembling the ordinary bract. 



Similar changes have been 

 observed in Picea alia, P. nu/ra,, 

 Pinus ITwnbeir/iy and Lai'i.i- 

 americana, and a very remark- 

 able case in Cupressus Latrxou- 

 iana in which the lower scales 

 of the staminate flower that 

 were serially continuous with 

 the leaves bore anthers, whilst 

 the upper scales also serially 

 continuous with the leaves bore 

 ovules. One scale even bore 

 an anther 011 the outer and 

 an ovule on the inner or upper 

 surface of its basal portion. 



PROLIFICATION Foliar prolification of the inflorescence is frequent,. 



especially in Cryptomeria japonica and the common Larch. The elonga- 

 tion of the axis which occurs in the seminiferous cone is frequently 

 associated with a more or less foliaceous condition of the bracts, which 

 seem to be serially continuous both above and below with the ordinary 

 leaves. The scales too become notched and bipartite, and show between 



Fig. 35. Bisexual cone of Pinus Thunbergi! with 

 details of structure and pollen grains. 



Fig. 36. Scale of Cttpressvs Luicsoniana bearing 



an anther on the outer, and an ovule on 



the inner surface x 5. 



