122 I'HYLLOCLADUS ALPINUS. 



Zealand species are occasionally seen in cultivation in a young 

 state in European Botanic Gardens ; the Tasmanian species has 

 been in cultivation in the open ground for many years in the 

 Pinetum of the Hon. Mark Rolle, at Bicton, in South Devon ; 

 the Bornean species is known in this country only as an herbarium 

 specimen. 



The Phyllocladi are the survivors of a race of trees whose ancestry 

 can be traced back to Mesozoic times, species of which were once 

 widely dispersed over the northern hemisphere. The generic name is 

 derived from 0vXXov (a leaf), and xXaSog (a branch), in allusion to the 

 leaf-like branchlets. 



Phyllocladus alpinus. 



A monoecious shrub or small tree 5 25 feet high with numerous 

 short stout branches. Phylloclades crowded, cuneate, narrowly 

 rhombic or linear-oblong, 0*5 1/5 inch long, with erose margin and 

 apiculate teeth, glaucous and very coriaceous. Staminate flowers, 

 short, in terminal fascicles of two to six, sessile or shortly pedunculate. 

 Ovuliferous flowers on the margins of reduced phylloclades or at the 

 base of others forming small cones each consisting of two or three 

 naked ovules in a fleshy cup. Fruits crimson with two three seeds, 

 each with a membraneous envelope at its base. Kirk, Forest Flora of 

 New Zealand, p. 199, t. 100. 



Phyllocladus alpiuus, Hooker til, Fl. Nov. Zeal. I. 235, t. 53 (1854) ; and 

 Handb. 260 (1867). Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 214. Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. 

 II. 708. Gordon, Pinet. ed. II. 193. 



P. tricliomanoides var. alpina, Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 498. 



Eng. Celery Pine, Mountain Toatoa. N. Zeal, vernacular, Tanekaha, Toatoa. 



LJiyllodadus alpinus inhabits the mountain districts of the North 

 Island of New Zealand, rarely descending below 2,000 feet elevation ; 

 its northern limit is on the summit of Cape Colville. In the South 

 Island it is abundant from Nelson to Southland ; on the eastern side 

 it is restricted to high elevations, but on the western it forms a 

 considerable ingredient of the forest at low elevations where it attains 

 its greatest development. 



Sir J. I). Hooker remarks that Phyllocladus alpinus is perhaps only a 

 form of P. tricliomanoides but a very distinct one. Mr. Kirk considered 

 it more nearly allied to the Tasmanian P. rJwmboidalis. Be that as it 

 may, it is highly probable that it would prove hardy in Great Britain in 

 those places where other New Zealand plants thrive, and that the 

 introduction of this remarkable plant would add a novel feature to 

 the British Arboretum. 



Phyllocladus glaucus. 



A dioecious tree 2040 feet high with a trunk 1218 inches in 

 diameter, furnished with short branches that are sometimes whorled. 

 Leaves on young plant linear, obtuse or acute ; scale-like leaves of adult 

 plant similar but smaller and recurved. Phylloclades distichous and 



