JUNIPERUS PACHYPHLCEA. 181 



Juniperus macrocarpa. 



Sibthorp, Fl. Gra?c Prodr. II. 263 (1813). Endlicher, Synops. Couif. 10. 

 Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 10. Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 476. Willkomm, 

 Forstl. Fl. ed. II. 260 Beissner, Nadelholzk. 139 And others. 



The habitat of Juniperus macrocarpa as delineated by the authors 

 quoted above is nearly conterminous with that of J. Oxycedrus, and 

 many localities in which it has been seen or gathered are also quoted 

 for J. Oxycedrus. Endlicher distinguishes J. macrocarpa from 

 /. Oxycedrus by its slightly broader leaves; by its fruits being attenuated 

 at the base and not spherical and which are pendulous and for the 

 most part furnished with three tubercles at the apex and as many 

 more at the sides, and also that they are always blue, not brown, 

 we have, however, been unable to detect these differences in the 

 specimens labelled /. macrocarpa preserved in the national herbaria. 

 Sibthorpe, the author of the species, if species it is, states that the 

 fruits of J. macrocarpa are nearly as large again as those of 

 J. Oxycedrus', but the great variability in the shape and size of the 

 fruits of the latter would seem sufficient to include even this difference. 



Juniperus pachyphlcea. 



A tree often 50 60 feet high with a stout trunk 3 5 feet in 

 diameter and long, stout, spreading branches. Bark of trunk 1 4 inches 

 thick, dark brown tinged with red, and deeply fissured and divided 

 into nearly square plates. Branchlets slender, covered with light 

 red-brown bark after the disappearance of the leaves. Leaves scale- 

 like, in decussate pairs, appressed, ovate, apiculate, obscurely keeled, 

 and conspicuously glandular 011 the back, bluish green ; those on 

 vigorous shoots and young branchlets, linear-lanceolate, rigid and pungent 

 with slender cartilaginous points. Staminate flowers about an eighth 

 of an inch long, composed of ten stamens with broadly ovate, 

 obscurely keeled connectives. Fruit globose, irregularly tuberculated 

 0'5 inch in diameter, dark red-brown more or less covered with a 

 glaucous bloom, and containing four seeds. Sargent, Silva of North 

 America, X. 85, pi. 520. 



Juniperus pachyphlcea, Torrey, Pacific Ry. Report, IV. pt. V. 142 (1858). 



Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 56. Parlatore, D. 0. Prodr. XVI. 490. Gordon, 



Pinet. ed. II. 164. Beissner, Nadelholzk. 130. Masters in Journ. R. Hort. Soc. 

 XIV. 214. 



This remarkable Juniper was discovered in 1851 in eastern New 

 Mexico by Dr. Woodhouse, surgeon and naturalist to Sitgreave's 

 Expedition down the Zuni and Colorado Kivers ; it inhabits dry, 

 arid mountain slopes from 4,000 to 6,000 feet elevation in south- 

 west Texas and westwards along the desert ranges of New Mexico 

 and Arizona south of the Colorado plateau; also on the lower slopes of 

 the mountains of north Arizona, and in Mexico it spreads along 

 the Sierra to the state of Juliasco. It is singular among Junipers 

 for its thick hard bark which suggested the specific name, T 

 (thick), and ^Xo/og (bark). 



