182 JUN1PERUS PHCENICEA. 



Juniperus pacliypldwa is described by those who have seen it in 

 the elevated canons of its native mountains as the most beautiful of 

 the western American species, a tree with an open shapely head,, 

 massive trunk with checkered bark and foliage of a cheerful colour. 

 It was introduced into Great Britain many years ago, but it has proved 

 disappointing, and is now hut rarely seen. 



Juniperus phoenicea, 



A monoecious, sometimes dioecious shrub or small tree of variable 

 dimensions in the different localities it inhabits, but' rarely exceeding 

 15 18 feet in height. Primary branches numerous, erect or ascending, 

 covered with smooth reddish brown bark that peels off in paper-like 

 flakes ; branchlets numerous, slender and much ramified. Leaves 

 dimorphic, on the axial growths of young plants in whorls of 

 three, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, acute, concrescent at the base, 

 free at the tip ; on lateral shoots and on old plants in decussate 

 pairs, much smaller, scale-like, ovate, acute, imbricated, dull dark green. 

 Staminate flowers on lateral branchlets of the preceding year, four- 

 angled, pale yellow and consisting of eight ten anthers. Fruits numerous, 

 globose, shortly stalked, about the size of a garden pea, greenish brown 

 changing to reddish brown when mature ; scales six, concrescent, each 

 with a small, acute, transverse umbo. 



Juniperus phoenicea, Limweus, Sp. Plant II. 1040 (1753). London, Arb. 

 Frut. Brit. IV. 2501, with figs. Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 30. Caniere, 

 Traite Conif. ed. II. 50. Parlatore, D C. Prodr XVI. 486. Gordon, Pinet. 

 ed. II. 164. Boissier, Fl. orient. V. 710. Willkomm, Forstl. Fl. ed. II. 253. 

 Beissner, Nadelholzk, 116. Masters in Journ.. R Hort. Soc XIV. 214 



J. Lycia, Linnieus, Sp. Plant. II. 1039. London, Arb. et Frut. Brit. IV. 

 2502. 



Eng. Phoenician Juniper. Germ. Rothfriichtiger Sadebaum. Ital. Ginepro 

 fenicio. 



var. filicaulis. 



A shrub with greatly elongated tortuous branches and slender branchlets 

 with dimorphic foliage, one form of leaves being scale-like as in the 

 type, the other, more sparingly produced, acicular, spreading, in whorls 

 of three, and with a glaucous line on the upper side. 

 J. phoenicea filicaulis, Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 52. 



var. Langoldiana. 



Of more open habit than the common form ; branches and branchlets 

 more distant, the herbaceous shoots and foliage of a brighter green 

 with a slight glaucous tint. 



J. phoenicea Langoldiana, Hort. 



var. turbinata. 



Distinguished by its ovoid or somewhat top-shaped fruits, not spherical 

 as in the common form. 



J. phoenicea turbinata, Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 487. 



The Phoenician Juniper is widely distributed throughout the- 

 Mediterranean region from Portugal to Palestine : it is also endemic 

 in Madeira and the Canary Islands. It grows mostly on the arid r 

 rocky hills near the coast, and on the higher ranges, as the: 



