JUNIPERUS PROSTRATA. 183 



Maritime Alps and the Sierra Nevada on which it ascends to a 

 considerable elevation. According to Aiton* Juniperus phcenicea was 

 first cultivated in this country by James Sutherland, Curator of the 

 Eoyal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, in 1683 ; its long acclimatisation 

 in Great Britain has caused it to be represented in many gardens and 

 shrubberies where it forms a low tree or shrub-like bush of conical 

 or columnar outline and dense habit till it becomes old, when it 

 has a more open aspect with the trunk exposed, which is usually 

 forked near the base. It is not unusual in the monoecious plants 

 for some of the branches to be loaded with fruits. 



The variety filicaulis originated many years ago in the seed-bed 

 of a nursery at Bourg-Argental in France ; it has its analogue in 

 Thuia orientalis pendula, Cupressus pisifera filifera, etc., and is probably 

 not in cultivation in this country. Langoldiana is a more vigorous grower 

 and of a brighter green than the common form ; turbinata, according 

 to Parlatore, occurs with the common form on dry maritime hills in 

 Spain, Sicily, Dalmatia, 'and probably wherever the species is common. 



Juniperus prostrata. 



A prostrate shrub with elongated branches lying flat on the ground 

 and much ramified. Branchlets numerous, mostly ascending at a greater 

 or less angle to their primaries and much branched, the youngest 

 shoots short and close-set. Leaves dimorphic ; on the axial growths 

 and vigorous shoots of young plants in whorls of three, acicular, 

 slightly dilated at the base, pungent, bent towards the stem, concave 

 and greyish white above, rounded and green beneath; on the younger 

 branchlets and on old plants, smaller, in decussate pairs, ovate-lanceolate, 

 appressed or concrescent at the base, free at the apex, or scale-like, 

 concrescent, light green becoming glaucous when fully developed 

 Fruits small, sub-globose, blackish blue, tuberculated when ripe. 



Juniperus prostrata, Persoon, Synops. Plant II. 632 (1807). Endlicher, Synops 

 Conif. 18 (1847) Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 22. Gordon, Pinet. ed II. 146 

 Hoopes, Evergreens, 282. 



J. Sabma, Hooker W. Fl. Bor. Amer. II. 166 (1840). 



J. Sabina prostrata, London, Ejicycl. Trees, 1086 (1842). Beissner, Nadel- 

 holzk. Ill 



J. Sabina procnmbens, Macoun, Cat. Canad. Plants, 463. 



J. procumbens, Kent in Veitch's Manual, ed. I. 280 (not Siebold). 



J. repens, Nuttall, Gen. Amer. II 245. 



Juniperus prostrata is the American representative of the Savin 

 Juniper of central and southern Europe ; it is widely distributed over 

 the northern half of the continent from Anticosti and Nova Scotia 

 westwards through Canada and across the prairie region to the summit 

 of the Eocky Mountains ; also through the northern United States 

 in the neighbourhood of the great lakes, chiefly on exposed slopes and 

 river banks. 



Juniperus prostrata lias been referred by several authors to the 

 common Savin as a variety from which it is not separable specifically 



* Hortus Kewensis, ed. II. Vol. V. p. 415. 



