184 JUNIPERCJS PSEUDO-SAB1NA. 



by any very well-defined characters, although the two are readily dis- 

 tinguishable at sight, the difference being most marked in the foliage 

 and fruit. In J. prostrata the leaves are mostly acicular and of a 

 greyish blue" tint, whilst in the typical /. Sabina the acicular leaves 

 are absent from an early age, and the foliage is dark green ; the 

 fruits of J. prostrata are also of a different colour from those of 

 J. Sabina, especially before maturity. J. Sabina is a shrub of high 

 altitudes, J. prostrata of low-lying plains and river banks; the habitat 

 of the one is separated from that of the other by the broad Atlantic 

 Ocean. 



Juniperus prostrata is a useful plant for the rock garden and for 

 covering exposed banks, forming dense masses of foliage which cover 

 a considerable area when the plants are allowed to grow unchecked. 



Juniperus Pseudo-Sabina. 



A robust shrub or tree, in Sikkim a tree 60 feet high with a stout 

 trunk and thick ramification and foliage.* In Great Britain, under 

 cultivation, a prostrate or semi-prostrate shrub with numerous primary 

 branches much ramified and covered with smooth cinnamon-brown bark ; 

 secondary branches with pale orange-brown bark and tetrastichous 

 ramification ; the herbaceous shoots similarly divided. Leaves dimorphic, 

 on vigorous-growing plants in whorls of three, crowded, linear-subulate, 

 more or less spreading, 0'25 0*5 inch long, with a pale stomatiferous 

 band on the upper side, bright green and keeled beneath; in adult 

 plants scale-like in decussate pairs, rhombic-ovate, closely imbricated,, 

 free at the tip and obscurely keeled at the back.f Staminate flowers 

 axillary on short lateral shoots of the preceding year, globose, pale 

 yellow, consisting of six anthers in decussate pairs. Fruits elliptic- 

 ovoid, about 0-5 inch long, blackish blue without glaucescence, composed 

 of six concrescent scales marked by an apiculus and enclosing a thick 

 bony endocarp containing a single seed. 



Juniperus Pseudo-Sabina, Fischer and Meyer, Index Sem. Hort. Petrop. VIIL 

 65 (1841) ; and PI. Schrenk, II. 13. Endlicher, Synops. Conif 21 (1847). Carriere, 

 Traite Conif ed. I. 33 ; and ed. II. 25. Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI 482. 

 Hooker fil, Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 646. Beissner, Nadelholzk. 106. Masters in Journ. 

 R. Hort. Soc XIV. 214. 



J. Wallichiana, Brandis, Forest Fl. N.W. Ind. 537 (1874). Gamble, Manual 

 Ind. Tirnb. 412. 



J. recurva densa, Hort. 



The Juniper above described inhabits the temperate Himalaya, its 

 vertical range being from 9,000 to 15,000 feet ; it is very abundant 

 in the north-west as a large gregarious shrub near its highest limit, 

 but it becomes more scarce eastwards. It has long been in cultivation 

 in British gardens, but I find no record of the date of introduction ; 

 it is quite hardy, at least in the south and west of England and 

 in Ireland ; where space and full exposure to sun and air have 

 been provided for it, it has proved to be an attractive and useful 

 shrub for the rock-garden, for covering tree stumps and similar 

 purposes. 



* Sir J. D. Hooker, Flora of British India, V. 646. 

 t The squamiform foliage is comparatively rare on plants growing in Great Britain. 



