CUPRESSUS TORULOSA. 



233 



soil ; it seasons rapidly and perfectly without warping, and is largely 

 used for boat-building, cooperage, telegraph and fence-posts, railway ties, 

 and wherever durable wood is desired. The importance of the White 

 Cedar in the Atlantic States is increased by the fact that, attaining 

 its greatest proportions in situations where no other useful timber tree 

 can nourish, it gives value to lands which without it would be 

 worthless. 



Cupressus torulosa. 



A large tree attaining a height of 70 80 or more feet with a 

 girth of trunk of 6 8 feet, and occasionally larger. Bark thin, 

 peeling off in numerous long, narrow, dark grey strips, the inner cortex 



reddish brown. Branches 

 spreading horizontally, form- 

 ing a broad pyramidal crown 

 which in old age is flattened 

 or round-topped. Under cul- 

 tivation in Great Britain, a 

 sub-fastigiate or flame-shaped 

 tree with all the primary 

 branches more or less ascend- 

 ing and much ramified at 

 the apical end. Branchlets 

 tetrastichous or distichous, 

 very slender, drooping and 

 much divided, the ultimate 

 growths short, straight and 

 parallel. Leaves in decus- 

 sate pairs, on the axial growths 

 oblong-deltoid, acute ; gland- 

 ular, appressed, often free 

 at the tip ; on the slender 

 lateral growths, minute, 

 scale-like, t r i a n g u 1 a r-o vate, 

 and concrescent. Staminate 

 flowers club-shaped and tetragonal, about 0'35 inch long, composed 

 of two three pairs of pale yellow anthers. Strobiles clustered or 

 solitary, globose, 0*5 0*75 inch in diameter, on short footstalks 

 produced on branchlets two to three years old, and consisting of 

 four, rarely five, decussate pairs of ligneous, rugose-umbonate, oblong 

 or oblong-rhomboidal scales of which the upper and lowermost pairs 

 are usually sterile. Seeds five seven to each scale, small, compressed 

 with a narrow orbicular wing. 



Cupressus torulosa, Don, Prodr. Fl. Nep. 55 (1825). Lambert, Genus Pinus, 

 ed. 2, Vol. II. 113 (1828). London, Arb. et Frut. Brit. IV. 2478, with tigs. (1838). 

 Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 57 (1847). Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 150. Parlatore, 

 D. C. Prodr. XVI. 469. Gordon, Pinet. ed. II. 97. Lawson's Pinet. Brit. II. 201, 

 t. 35. Brandis, Forest Fl. N.W. India, 533. Hooker til, Fl. Brit. Ind. V. 645. 

 Masters in Journ. Linn. Soc. XXXI. 335 ; and Journ. R. Hort. Soc. XIV. 208. 



var . orney ana. 



Branches and branchlets pendulous, the latter more distant and 

 covered with minute, concrescent, scale-like leaves that are not free at 



Fig. 71. Cupressus torulosa. 



