VARIETIES OF THUIA ORIENTALIS. 249 



Thuia orientalis, Linnaeus, Sp. Plant. II. 1002 (1753). Thunberg, Fl. Jap. 266 

 (1784). L. C. Richard, Mem. sur les Conif. 40 (1826). Siebold and Zuccarini, 

 Fl. Jap. II. 31, t. 118 (1842). London, Arb. et Frut. Brit. IV. 2459, with figs. 

 Masters in Journ. Linn. Soc. XVIII. 488 ; and Journ. R. Hort. Soc. XIV. 252 

 (Thuya). 



Biota orientalis, Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 47 (1847). Carriere, Traite Conif. 

 ed. II. 93. Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 461. Boissier, Fl. orient. V. 704. 

 Beissner, Nadelholzk. 54, with figs. 



Eng. Chinese Arbor Vitse. Fr. Thuia de la Chine. Germ. Morgenlandisher 

 Lebensbaum. Ital. Albera della Vita Chinese. Jap. Kinote-gashuoa. 



The note under Thuia occidentalis respecting the numerous deviations 

 from the common form which have appeared under cultivation is equally 

 applicable to T. orientalis. This species has also proved to be very 

 polymorphous, a circumstance that has been fruitful, not only in the 

 multiplication of varietal names,* but also in the creation of many so- 

 called species. The following are the most distinct and ornamental met 

 with in British gardens. 



var. argenteo-variegata. 



This differs from the common form in having many of its branchlets 

 cream-white. The variegation is somewhat inconstant, and not 

 infrequently disappears altogether in vigorous subjects. 



var. aurea. 



A dwarf dense globose shrub in which the youngest growths are 

 golden yellow in spring, gradually changing with age to the bright green 

 of the species. 



T. orientalis aurea, supra. T. aurea, Hort. Biota orientalis aurea, Carriere. 

 And others. 



var. aureovariegata. 



This has about one-half of the youngest branchlet systems light 

 yellow ; it resembles the common form in habit, and is quite distinct 

 from the variety aurea. 



var. decussata. 



A dwarf shrub usually with several erect stems that are densely 

 ramified, the primary and the secondary branches also erect. The foliage 

 is protomorphic only, the acicular leaves greyish green in summer, 



changing to dull brown in winter. 



T. orientalis decussata, supra. Biota orientalis decussata, Beissner, Nadelholzk. 

 58, with fig. Retinispora juniperoides, Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 140. 

 R. squarrosa dubia, Hort. 



var. elegantissima. 



A dwarf variety of fastigiate habit ; the branchlet systems usually 

 more rigid than in the type, and of a fine golden yellow which is 

 retained throughout the summer months. 



var. funiculata (syn. intermedia'). 



This differs from the common form in its youngest branchlet 

 systems which are ramified from all sides of the axial growths (not 

 distichous) ; the branchlets slender, elongated ; the leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 acute, and adnate at the base only. 



* Carriere has described twenty-one varieties of Thuia orientalis and Beissner twenty-five 

 excluding six of Carriere's. 



