360 PIN US PINEA. 



country, and for shelter especially in proximity to the sea. When 

 standing alone, with the consequent free circulation of air around it, 

 it attains a height of 60 to 70 feet, retaining its lowermost branches to 

 a great age; the Pinaster is then a tree of stately aspect, wide- 

 spreading and massive, very effective in park and landscape scenery. 



There is probably no single species of Pine that has become more 

 widely distributed over the globe than Pinus Pinaster, and which has 

 adapted itself more readily to the various conditions of soil and climate 

 in the different countries into which it has been introduced. At the 

 Cape of Good Hope, it has made itself at home as much as any 

 indigenous tree, spreading spontaneously over the sandy plains in the 

 neighbourhood of Cape Town and in other parts of the colony. It 

 has become quite a common tree in many parts of Australia, Xew 

 Zealand, etc. It has also found its way into China, Japan, northern 

 India, and many other places, where it has been frequently re-introduced 

 into England as new species under the following names, which 

 sufficiently indicate their origin : P. nepalensis (Royle), P. fliinensis 

 (Knight), P. japonica (Hort.), P. Notxv Hollandi't: (Loddiges), P. 

 Zealandice (Hort.), P. Sand a Helenica (London). 



Pinus pinea. 



A tree 40 80 or more feet high with a spreading head that has 

 been frequently likened to an umbrella; the trunk knotty, covered with 

 thick reddish grey bark deeply fissured longitudinally, the lower portion 

 usually denuded of branches, often forked or divided into three or 

 more ascending secondary trunks at a greater or less distance from 

 the ground. In Great Britain rarely exceeding 25 30 feet high, with 

 a thick trunk covered with dark rugged, deeply fissured bark, the 

 fissures exposing a light reddish brown inner cortex and generally 

 forked or divided into three five or more spreading or ascending 

 branches which ramify much in the same way. Branchlets rather 

 slender, pale brown marked with the scars of the fallen leaves. Buds 

 conic-cylindric, reddish brown, not resinous. Leaves geminate, persistent 

 two three years, semiterete with scaberulous margins, straight or 

 slightly twisted, 5 6 inches long, bright green ; basal sheath whitish, 

 shorter, darker and much lacerated the second year. Sta initiate flowers 

 in a crowded spike with numerous scale-like involucral bracts at the 

 base of each, cylindric, about 0'5 inch long. Ovuliferous flowers oval, 

 0'75 inch long, composed of greenish white scales before fertilisation. 

 Cones maturing the third year, ovoid, 4 inches long and 3 inches 

 in diameter, reddish brown ; scales oblong-cuneate, the apophysis 

 rhomboidal with a central depression in which is a small umbo. 

 Seeds large, oblong-ovoid with a hatchet-shaped wing. 



Pinus pinea, Linnaeus, Sp. Plant. II. 1000 (1753). Miller, Diet. ed. VIII. 

 No. 2 (1768). Lambert, Genus Pinus, I. tt. 6, 7, 8 (1803). L C Richard, Mem. 

 sur les Conif. 58 (1826). London, Arb. et Frut. Brit. IV. 2224, with figs. 

 Forbes, Pinet. Woburn, 31, t. 10. Link in Linnpea, XV. 499. Carriere, Traite 

 Coiiif. ed. II. 456. Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI 381. Gordon, Pinet. ed. II. 

 252. Boissier, Fl. orient. V. 694. Beissner, Nadelholzk. 220. Masters in Gard. 

 Chron. IV. ser. 3 (1888), p. 602, with figs. ; and Journ. R. Hort. Soe. XIV. 237. 



Eng. Stone Pine. Fr. Pin de parasol. Germ. Italienische Steinkicfer. Ital. 

 Pino a pinocchi. Span. Pino real, Pino de comer. 



