PIN US SABINIANA. 375 



The date of the introduction of Pinus ri<jida into Great Britain is not 

 definitely known. According to Aiton* it was introduced prior to 1759 

 when it was known to lie in cultivation at Woburn Abbey. It is now 

 not often met with in the adult state south of the Trent as it is greatly 

 surpassed as an ornamental tree by Pines of subsequent introduction ; in 

 the northern counties and in Scotland it is more frequent and better 

 adapted to the climate. 



Old trees of Finn* ritjida attract attention by the numerous small 

 branchlets growing from the trunk and lower part of the primary 

 branches. On the trunk these branchlets are usually produced on the 

 side exposed to the sun; the longest are but a few inches in -length and 

 branched, whilst the shortest appear like tufts of leaves issuing from the 

 crevices of the bark ; the leaves themselves are shorter and thinner than 

 the normal size. The production of adventitious growths in this manner 

 on P. rigida is a common occurrence in North America especially after 

 a forest fire has destroyed all the normal foliage. Carriere records a 

 similar appearance of fascicles of staminate flowers on the trunk of an 

 old Pitch Pine issuing directly from the bark without a trace of foliage. 



The variety serotina takes the place of the species in the extreme 

 south of its habitat, spreading from Carolina southwards into northern 

 Florida ; in this region it is called the Pond Pine from its being always 

 found growing in swampy places or on. the banks of streams periodically 

 inundated. 



Pinus Sabiniana. 



A medium-sized tree 40 50 feet high with the trunk almost always 

 divided at a greater or less distance from the ground into two, three or 

 more secondary trunks, which (in Great Britain) again divide in a similar 

 manner, these secondary divisions usually very irregularly branched 

 towards the summit and forming a rounded head ; rarely with a single 

 erect trunk 70 80 feet high and 3 4 feet in diameter. Bark of 

 trunk and primary branches greyish brown fissured into irregular plates, 

 the inner cortex exposed by the fissures, cinnamon-brown. Branchlets 

 stoutish, strongly furrowed and roughened by the s scars of the fallen 

 leaves and the cortical ridges decurrent from them. Buds 

 cylindric, abruptly acute, 0'75 1 inch long, the perulae lanceolate, 

 acuminate, imbricated, pale reddish brown. Leaves ternate, persistent 

 two three years, produced in loose clusters along the apical half of 

 each year's growth, filiform, pendent, 9 12 inches long, triquetral, 

 compressed, greyish green; basal sheath 1 1*5 inch long, at first pale 

 brown, shortened, corrugated and blackish the second year. Staminate 

 flowers in clusters of fifteen twenty, cylindric, obtuse, about an inch 

 long, and surrounded at the base by ten twelve involucral bracts in 

 three series. Cones on stout reflexed peduncles, ovoid-obtuse, 7 9 inches 

 long and 5 6 inches in diameter at the broadest, pale orange-brown 

 when mature, very resinous, and remaining on the tree several years; 

 scales hard, ligneous, 2 inches long and 1'5 inch broad, with a 

 projecting pyramidal apophysis compressed laterally, the umbo elongated 

 into a strong point frequently curved like a hook. Seeds 0'75 inch 

 long and 0'4 inch broad, with an obliquely rounded wing at the apex. 



* Hortus Kevvensis, ed. II. Vol. V. p. 387. 



