PICEA ENGELMANNI. 431 



parks and gardens, but little hope can be entertained of acquiring it. 

 " Fires which are increasing every year in frequency and destructiveness 

 are prevalent in all the dry mountain regions which form the boundary 

 between north-western California and south-eastern Oregon, probably the 

 only home of P. Breweriana, and it seems hopeless to expect that the 

 relatively few isolated trees of this species can long escape their ravages." 

 Moreover, attempts to raise seedlings on a large scale have signally 

 failed, both at Waukegan in Illinois and in the Arnold Arboretum 

 in Massachusetts ; it is, nevertheless, most desirable that a trial should 

 be made in the more equable climate of Great Britain, but the 

 difficulties of obtaining seeds are apparently insurmountable. 



Picea Engelmanni. 



A lofty tree, at its greatest development 100 150 feet high with 

 a trunk 4 5 feet in diameter covered with brown bark that is 

 much furrowed in old trees. Branches in regular tiers at short 

 intervals, the lower ones usually cast off as the tree advances in age, 

 leaving the trunk bare for the greater part of its height. Branchlets 

 slender, with light brown smooth bark which on the youngest shoots is 

 whitish and pubescent. Buds conic, obtuse, about an eighth of an inch 

 long, with loosely imbricated pale reddish brown perulse. Leaves with 

 a peculiar fetid odour when bruised, resembling that emitted by the 

 bruised leaves of Picea alba, persistent four five years, four-angled, 

 pungent, 0*5 1 inch long, in close-set spirals and pointing forwards, 

 those on the upper side of the axis nearly parallel with it, at first 

 glaucescent, but at the end of the first season dark green. " Staminate 

 flowers oblong-cylindric, about five-eighths of an inch long, with purple 

 anthers, and raised on slender footstalks when fully grown." Cones ovoid- 

 cylindric, variable in size, 1*75 2 '5 inches long and 0'75 1 inch in diameter; 

 scales thin, obovate- rhombic with a more or less erose-dentate margin. 



Picea Engelmanni, Engelmann in Trans. St. Louis Acad. II. 212 (1863) ; and 

 Gard. Chron. 1863, p. 1035. Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 348 (1867). Beissner, 

 Nadelholzk. 343, Avith fig. Masters in Journ. R. Hort. Soc. XIV. 221. Sargent, 

 Silva N. Amer. XII. 43, t. 599. 



P. columbiana, Lemmon in Garden and Forest, X. (1897), p. 183. 



Abies Engelmanni, Parry in Trans. St. Louis Acad. II. 122 (1863). Hoopes, 

 Evergreens, 177, with fig. 



Abies commutata, Gordon, Pinet. ed. II. 5. 



Pinus commutata, Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 417 (1868). 



Eng. and Amer. Engelmann's Spruce, Rocky Mountains Spruce. 



Picea Engelmanni inhabits the Rocky Mountains from Alberta 

 southwards to Arizona and New Mexico, forming in, places extensive 

 pure forests, especially in that part of its range which lies within 

 the Canadian Dominion and in the States of Montana and Wyoming. 

 Its vertical range varies to some extent with the latitude of the 

 locality, reaching from 3,000 feet towards its northern to 11,500 feet 

 towards its southern limit, often, in places, fringing the limits of 

 arborescent vegetation where it is reduced to a stunted bush. 

 P. Engelmanni also occurs west of the Rocky Mountains on the 

 mountain ranges of Washington and Oregon, on the high mountains 



