498 ABIES CEPHALONICA. 



England, in parts of Scotland and -in Ireland ; in some localities it 

 has been reported to have been injured by late spring frosts which 

 have destroyed the young growths that usually appear early in the season. 



Abies cephalonica. 



A stately medium-sized tree 50 60 or more feet high, with widely 

 spreading branches that frequently attain a greater length in proportion 

 to height of trunk than in any other Abies. Trunk 2 '5 3 feet in 

 diameter, slightly tapering upwards and covered with greyish brown bark 

 fissured into small oblong plates. Branches horizontal, the lowermost 

 usually deflexed and sweeping the ground. Branchlets distichous and 

 opposite but not infrequently in pseudo-whorls of three four ; bark 

 reddish brown and striated ; that of the youngest shoots fluted by 

 shallow cortical outgrowths. Buds globose, conic, sub-acute, 0'5 inch 

 long, with red-brown perular scales often covered with a film of 

 translucent resin. Leaves persistent seven nine years, spirally arranged 

 around the branchlets, shortly petiolate ; on the lower sterile branchlets 

 and on young trees, linear, flattened, somewhat dagger-shaped, spine- 

 tipped, 0'75 1*25 inch long, and pseudo-distichous in two three ranks; 

 on the higher fertile branchlets and on vigorous shoots, thicker, 

 pungent, often falcately curved and spreading from all sides of their 

 axis ; dark lustrous green with a shallow median groove above, 

 paler with a stomatiferous band on each side of the relatively broad 

 midrib below. Staminate flowers crowded along the under side of 

 the branchlets, broadly cylindric, obtuse, 0*5 0*75 inch long, dark 

 claret-red, surrounded at the base by numerous broadly ovate involucral 

 bracts. Cones subsessile, solitary or two three together, cylindric, 

 obtuse, 5 7 inches long and 1 *5 2 inches in diameter ; scales broadly 

 wedge-shaped, suddenly contracted into a slender claw, the apical 

 margin rounded and entire ; bracts longer than the scales, linear with 

 a sub-quadrate expansion near the apex and terminating in a reflexed 

 macro. Seed- wings oblong, truncate, nearly as long as the scale. 



Abies ceplialonica, London, Arb. et Frnt. Brit. IV. 2325, with figs. (1838). 

 Forbes, Pinet. Woburn, 119, t. 42 (1839). Link in Linnsea, XV. 529 (1841). 

 Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 283 McNab in Proceed. R. Irish Acad. II. ser 2, 

 695, figs. 24, 25. Masters in Gard. Chron. XXII. (1884), p. 590, with fig.; 

 and Journ. R. Hort. Soc. XIV. 190. Boissier, Fl. orient. V. 702. Willkomm, 

 Forstl. Fl. ed. II. 132. Beissner, Nadelholzk. 438. 



Picea cephalonica, London, Encycl. of Trees, 1039, with figs. (1842). Gordon, 

 Pinet. ed. II. 203. Lawson, Pinet. Brit. II. 175, t. 27, and figs. 



Piuus cephalonica, Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 98. 



P. Abies var. cephalonica, Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 422. 



Eng. Greek Fir. Germ. Cephalonische-We ; sstanne. Gr. EXarog, 



var. Apollinis. 



Trunk more slender ; branches shorter with the branchlets more 

 constantly distichous. Leaves longer, narrower, less rigid and more 

 distinctly pseudo-distichous in two three ranks.* 



A. cephalonica Apollinis Beissner, Nadelholzk. 440. A. Apollinis, Link in 

 Linnsea, XV. 528. Picea Apollinis, Lawson, Pinet. Brit. II. 167, t. 24. Gordon, 

 Pinet. ed. II. 197. Pinus Abies Apollinis, Endlicher, Synops. Conif. 96. Abies 

 cephalonica parnassica, Willkomm. Forstl. Fl. ed. II. 13 A. Reginse Amalise 

 Heldreich in Regel's Gartenfl. i860, p. 113 ; and 1861, p. 286, with fig. 

 Seemann in Gard. Chron. 1861, p. 755. A. panachaica, Heldreich. And others. 

 * As seen in Great Britain, but some of the differences here noted are not always very 

 clearly in evidence. 



