ABIES MAGNIFICA. 517 



from the base. In Great Britain a formal tree of rather slow growth, 

 the trunk covered with smooth ash-brown bark. Branches short in 

 comparison with height of trunk, rigidly horizontal and ramified laterally 

 only; branchlets opposite, rarely alternate, and inclined forwards at an 

 angle varying from 45 to 60 to their primaries, short, rigid and 



covered with reddish 

 brown bark. Buds 

 small, ovate, acute, red- 

 dish brown. Leaves 

 persistent eight ten 

 years, obscurely four- 

 angled, obtuse or sub- 

 acute, O5 1-5 inch 

 long, greyish or glaucous 



Fig. 135. Foliage of fertile branchlet of Abies magnified. <Teeil with two Dale 



stomatiferous lines on 



the lower side, spirally crowded around the branchlets, the longer 

 ones on the under side of sterile branchlets pseudo-distichous in 

 three four ranks ; the shorter ones on the upper side either erect 

 or pointing in the direction of the axis at a greater or less angle 

 to it ; on the fertile branchlets all upturned and more or less 

 falcately curved. Staminate flowers cylindric, O5 O75 inch long, 

 with reddish crimson anthers. Cones among the largest in the 

 genus, cylindric, obtuse, 6 9 inches long and 3 5 inches in 

 diameter, at first violet-purple changing to dark sepia-brown at maturity; 

 scales triangular-cuneate with the longer exposed margin rounded and 

 incurved; bracts lanceolate with a small mucro at the apex about 

 three-fourths as long as the scale. Seeds angulate with a broad 

 sub-obovate wing. 



Abies magnifies, Murray in Proceed. R. Hort. Soc. III. 318, with figs. (1863). 

 Engelmami in Gard. Chron. XII (1879), p. 685 ; and Brewer and Watson's Bot. 

 Califor. II. 119. Masters in Gard. Chron. XXIV. (1885), p. 652. with figs. ; and 

 Journ. R. Hort. Soc. XIV. 193. Beissner, Nadelhohk. 482, with fig. Sargent, 

 Silva N. Amer. XII. 137, tt. 618, 619. 



A. nobilis var. robusta, Carriere, Traite Conif. ed. II. 269 (1867). 



A. nobilis var. magnifica, Masters in Journ. Linn. Soc. XXII. 189, with figs. (1886). 



Picea magnifica, Gordon, Pinet. ed. II. 219 (1875). 



Pinus amabilis, Parlatore, D. C. Prodr. XVI. 426 (in part). 



Psendotsuga magnifica, McNab in Proceed. R. Irish Acad. II. ser. 2. 700, fig. 30. 



Amer. Red Fir. Germ. Prachtige Weisstanne. 



var. shastensis. 



A smaller tree with more slender foliage and usually ellipsoid (not 

 cylindric) shorter cones the bracts of which, O5 1 inch long, protrude 

 from between the scales, reflexed and suddenly contracted to an 

 acuminate point ; " the large purple cones thus decked out with 

 tasselled fringes are most beautiful objects." 



A. magnifica var. shastensis, Lemnion, N. W. Amer. Cone-bearers, 62 (1895). 

 Sargent, Silva N. Amer. XII. 138, t. 620. A. shastensis, Lemmon in Garden 

 and Forest, X. 184. A. nobilis robusta, Masters in Gard. Chron. XXIV. (1885), 

 p. 652, fig. 147 (not Carriere). 



Abies magnifica inhabits chiefly the mountains of Oregon and^ 

 California. On the Cascade mountains it is common between 5,000 

 and 7,000 feet elevation and also on the western slopes of the 



