THE SKELETON IN MAMMALIA. PELVIC GIRDLE. 515 



differs from that of the Proboscidea in the fact that the ischia 

 do not meet in a ventral symphysis. 



In many RODENTIA the ilia have their gluteal, iliac, and 

 sacral surfaces of nearly equal extent ; in the Hares, however, 

 the gluteal and iliac surfaces are confluent. The pubes and 

 ischia are always well developed and sometimes, as in the 

 Hares, the acetabular bone also. In these animals the pubis 

 does riot take part in the formation of the acetabulum, and 

 the ischium bears on its outer side a well-marked ischial 

 tuberosity. 



In the CARNIVORA the pelvis is long and narrow. The 

 iliac surfaces (fig. 78, A, 5) are very small and the sacral large ; 

 the crest or supra-iliac border is formed by the union of the 

 sacral and gluteal surfaces. The symphysis is long and includes 

 part of both pubis and ischium. The ischial tuberosity (fig. 

 78, A, 10) is often well marked, and sometimes as in Viverra 

 the acetabular bone is distinct. In the Pinnipedia the pelvic 

 symphysis is little developed, or sometimes not developed at 

 all, and the obturator foramina are remarkably large. 



In some INSECTIVORA such as Galeopithecus, there is a long 

 pelvic symphysis, in others such as Erinaceus and Centetes, it is 

 very short, in others again such as Talpa and Sorex, there is no 

 pelvic symphysis. The acetabular bone is exceptionally large 

 in Talpa and Sorex. 



In CHIROPTERA. the pelvis is small and narrow, and in the 

 great majority of cases the two halves do not meet in a ventral 

 symphysis. The pubis has a strongly developed pectineal 

 process, which occasionally unites with a process from the 

 ilium enclosing a large pre-acetabular foramen. 



PRIMATES. In Man and the Anthropoid Apes the pelvis is 

 very large and wide, and the ilium has much expanded iliac 

 and gluteal surfaces. The symphysis is rather short and formed 

 by the pubis alone. The acetabulum is deep and the obturator 

 foramen large, and there is frequently a well-marked ischial 

 tuberosity. In the lower Anthropoidea the ilium is long and 



332 



