EESIDENCE AT BERLIN TO THE REVOLUTION OF JULY. 91 



lived at Gottingen, which before the days of railways was 

 beyond easy reach of Berlin, is but one of those complimentary 

 phrases which Humboldt was accustomed to employ when 

 addressing that distinguished man, for whom, on account of his 

 mathematical genius, he entertained a feeling of veneration. 

 This explanation is confirmed by the allusion to the vicinity of 

 Gauss's admirers, which as an exaggerated expression of amiable 

 flattery would almost create a smile among the uninitiated. 

 It is only reasonable, therefore, to modify in a similar man- 

 ner the general observation upon the intellectual life of Ger- 

 many in 1826 ; it could not have been the universal intel- 

 lectual life by which Humboldt was < exceedingly impressed,' 

 but rather the superiority of individual men with whose labours 

 he might have made acquaintance anywhere rather than at 

 Berlin. 



In the foregoing pages the acknowledged leaders in philo- 

 sophy and theology have already been brought into notice ; 

 with them might be classed Marheineke, of the school of 

 Hegel, and Neander, of the school of Schleiermacher, if indeed 

 a man of his distinctive genius should not be considered as 

 forming a school of his own. Men of no less celebrity were 

 to be found among the philologists of that day. The names 

 of William von Humboldt, Bopp, Bockh, Bekker, and Lach- 

 mann, with men of lesser note, Buttmann, Von der Hagen, and 

 Massmann, stand associated with the most brilliant achieve- 

 ments in comparative philology and the most exact and valuable 

 criticisms upon the classics and old German literature. The 

 cultivation of philology led to the more extensive study of 

 history, while Savigny took for his subject jurisprudence, Ganz 

 exemplified the principles of Hegel in historical research, and in 

 the field of universal history Friedrich von Eaumer and Wilken 

 had earned names of distinction second only to Eanke, who had 

 raised this science to its highest dignity, and had recently arrived 

 at Berlin for the publication of his first work. A fame of still 

 wider significance had been gained by Karl Eitter in the field 

 of geography, and side by side with him may be mentioned Berg- 

 haus, noted for his artistic delineation of maps. In statistics 

 the name of Johann Gottfried Hoffmann stood prominent, while 

 Krug was the successful exponent of other branches of political 



