25 



when the examination was made in the first 21 hours after the 

 disease started; afterwards it gave way to other bacteria. Simul- 

 taneously with the disappearance of Pfeiffer's bacillus marked toxic 

 symptoms arose. He explained this phenomenon as the - result of 

 a certain amount of immunity remaining over from the pandemic 

 of 1889—92, which was of a bactericidal nature, the toxic effect 

 being due to the disintegration of Pfeiffer's bacillus. 



Clemens (Freiburg) at the same time, found Pfeiffer's bacillus 

 in 12 out of 95 , .influenza" cases. 



Sacquepee reports an epidemic of considerable size in Ren- 

 nes in 1900. Of 4200 men in the garrison 2200 were attacked 

 in the course of 2 months. From a bacteriological point of view 

 the epidemic was divided into 3 phases. A hitherto unknown ba- 

 cillus was found in the first period; then Pneumococcus and Strep- 

 tococcus were predominant and not until the end of the epidemic 

 was Pfeiffer's bacillus found, sometimes in great abundance, in spite 

 of the fact that it was systematically looked for from the very 

 beginning of the epidemic. 



Susswein (Vienna 1901) found Pfeiffer's bacillus in the nasal 

 secretion of 10 out of 21 cases of measles (not in an „influenza" 

 epidemic). Most of the cases with Pfeiffer's bacilli were particularly 

 severe with well-marked lung symptoms, cyanosis, high fever etc. 

 Some of the cases with Pfeiffer's bacillus however were indi- 

 stinguishable from those without the bacillus. 



Jehle (1901) found it in 18 out of 23 cases of measles. It 

 could very often also be cultivated from the blood. 



Lord (1902) found Pfeiffer's bacillus in 60 out of 100 patients 

 with acute and chronic lung diseases taken at random. In 

 half the positive cases it occurred in pure culture. 



Auerbach (Cologne) from Jan. 1902 to July 1903 examined 

 the tonsils and larynx of 700 patients and found Pfeiffer's bacillus 

 in 38 (divided between angina, diphtheria, scarlatina, and measles). 



In both years Pfeiffer's bacillus was found most frequently in 

 January to March, concurrently with the greatest ordinary in- 

 fluenza" morbidity. 



Kerschensteiner (Munich 1903) not infrequently found Pfeif- 

 fer's bacillus in tuberculosis and other chronic lung diseases. He 

 asserts that it need not have any significance as regards the course 

 of the disease. 



Wynekoop (Chicago 1903) reports the frequent finding of Pfeif- 

 fer's bacillus in laryngitis, pharyngitis, angina, and conjunctivitis. 



Wollstein (1) (New York 1906) often found Pfeiffer's bacil- 

 lus in children with tuberculosis (in 14 out of 32 patients), bron- 

 chitis (12 out of 46), broncho-pneumonia (19 out of 66), empyema 

 (3 out of 7), and measles (9 out of 27). She says that those 



