28 



These contributions all concern the epidemic in the win 

 ler of 1904—05. 



After the termination of the epidemic, Klieneberger (2) (K6- 

 nigsberg) found Pfeiffer's bacillus in 8 out of 11 cases of tuber- 

 culosis, 9 out of 18 cases of chronic bronchitis, and in 1 out of 5 

 cases of bronchiectasis and gangrene of the lung. 



Tedesko (Vienna) in the years 1898—1908 could demonstrate 

 Pfeiffer's bacillus in the majority of cases investigated by cultivation 

 from several hundred autopsies, both in „influenza" and in various 

 other diseases. In later years it was found comparatively seldom 

 in pure culture however but commonly in association with two 

 or more other bacteria. 



In this country Ellermann (Copenhagen 1906) reported the 

 cultivation of Pfeiffer's bacillus from ^influenza" cases. 



Wohlwill (Hamburg 1908), in the summer months when ^in- 

 fluenza" was at a low ebb, was able to cultivate Pfeiffer's bacillus 

 from the small bronchial tubes in 29 out of 158 autopsies, that 

 is to say in 16 out of 73 cases of phthisis, in 6 out of 6 cases 

 of whooping-cough and 2 out of 2 cases of measles. 



He was however never once able to cultivate it from the heart 

 blood in several thousand autopsies. 



POLLAK (Brunn 1908) only found Pfeiffer's bacillus in 8 out of 

 73 cases by cultivation from the purulent bronchial secretion post 

 mortem, although cases resembling influenza were frequently present. 

 In a small „influenza" epidemic in January 1908 it was only found 

 in 1 out of 23 cases. 



Scheller (1), during and after an „influenza" epidemic in 

 Konigsberg in the winter of 1908—07, carried out a considerable 

 number of examinations of „influenza" patients (chiefly sputum, but 

 in some cases pneumonic lung post mortem), of tuberculosis (spu- 

 tum), and of healthy persons (cultivation from the throat). At the 

 height of the epidemic Pfeiffer's bacillus was found in 62 out of 

 68 ,,influenza" patients, in 10 out of 29 tuberculosis patients and 

 in 25 out of 109 healthy people. Simultaneously with the gradual 

 remission of the epidemic in the course of the next few years 

 Pfeiffer's bacillus decreased not only in „influenza" patients but also 

 in tuberculous and healthy persons, until in the winter of 1908— (K) 

 it practically could not be obtained from any of the three groups. 



Among the healthy subjects Pfeiffer's bacillus was found in 

 the epidemic more often in persons who had had „influenza" than in 

 those who had not been attacked. 



Pfeiffer's bacillus therefore did not occur exclusively in ,,in- 

 fluenza" patients but was found more often in them than in other 

 persons and there was a close connection between the extent of 

 the epidemic and the occurrence of Pfeiffer's bacilli. 



Scheller slates that the pathological changes in the lungs 

 were quite characteristic of influenza and that Pfeiffer's bacillus 

 could be seen in sections of the affected lung itself. 



