. 33 



In the Institute under the direction of Pfeiffer, Preuss also 

 carried out some investigations of non- influenzal patients. In 

 the summer of 1920 which still „in die Auslaufer der letzten Pande- 

 mie hineinfiel", Pfeiffer's bacillus was found in 25 out of 224 of 

 such patients, and in 11 out of 129 healthy persons, while in the 

 winter of 1920—21, „als in Breslau kaum noch Influenzafalle vor- 

 kamen"", it was only found in 3 out of 102 patients and in 2 out of 

 76 healthy people. 



Pfeiffer's bacillus was obtained more often from those persons 

 who had had influenza than from those who had not. 



Among 37 cases of measles it was only found in 3. 



Having connectedly discussed the investigations of Pfeiffer 

 and his collaborators, we will turn to the positive findings 

 immediately after the commencement of the pandemic. Of 

 other authors who have reported on such findings may be 

 mentioned: 



Uhlenhuth (Strasburg), v. Hoesslin, Mahlo, and also Crof- 

 TON who cultivated Pfeiffer's bacillus from the first patients who 

 were examined in the summer epidemic, while in the preceding 

 years he had never found this bacillus in spite of numerous exami- 

 nations of sputum by the same method, and 



Mc Clelland (Louisiana), who began his investigations im- 

 mediately after the epidemic on the 24. IX. 1918 appeared in the 

 locality. From the 25. IX to 3. X. he found Pfeiffer's bacillus 

 by cultivation from the throat in 1749 (91<y ) out of 1919 influenza 

 patients. 



Michaelis (Berlin) could not demonstrate Pfeiffer's bacillus in 

 the first week after the start of the summer epidemic, but by the 

 second week he found it in many cases and likewise in the au- 

 tumn months. 



Messerschmidt, Hundeshagen, & Scheer (Strasburg), who 

 worked under Uhlenhuth, found the bacillus in 17 out of 86 

 specimens of sputum from June to Aug. 1918, while they found 

 it in 18 out of 20 samples during September. That the more in- 

 constant results in the summer months were not due to a more 

 defective technicpae of cultivation than was employed later is obvious 

 from the fact that the microscopic examination of the sputum yielded 

 similar results. In the summer months Pfeiffer's bacillus was found 

 microscopically only quite exceptionally in large numbers. The ty- 

 pical picture of bacilli in compact masses as they were described 

 by Pfeiffer in the previous pandemic, was rare in the summer 

 months but became more common in October. 



In the autumn Pfeiffer's bacillus was found in some cases in the 

 kidneys and liver in influenza when the examination was made a 

 few hours after death. 



