68 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF FUNGI 



containing spores and producing from the same mycelium 

 branches which conjugate and form a zygospore ; also Perono- 

 spora, the branched carpophores of which sustain zoosporangia, 

 and from the mycelium produce, sexually, resting spores or 

 oospores. 



Dead box leaves are often to be met with bearing on their 

 under surface little pink tufts of a delicate mould arising from 

 a creeping mycelium. Sometimes the fertile hyphae are effused, 

 and not tufted. The conidiophores are shortly branched, with 

 the branches in whorls, bearing at the tips of the branchlets 

 rather spindle-shaped conidia, and then called Verticillium 

 h(xi. Subsequently from the same mycelium erect branches 

 form fertile threads, which are themselves sparingly branched, 

 and bear at their apices small globose sporangia, each enclosing 

 several minute gonidia. This condition is Mucor hyalinus. 

 It is nevertheless doubtful if there are any conjugating 

 branches which form a zygospore, and which would in that 

 event have been a third form of fruit, but this condition has 

 never been observed. 



The above examples will be sufficient to indicate some of 

 the forms which, for the want of a better name, we have called 

 dichocarpous Fungi. They might as truly have been called 

 dimorphic. In the first we had a Mucedine, or mould, arising 

 from the same mycelium or vegetative system as a Pyreno- 

 mycete. That is to say, the same vegetative system produced 

 two forms of fructification, one having the attributes of a 

 mould with naked conidia, and the other an Ascomycete with 

 sporidia enclosed in asci. The second instance was that of a 

 black effused stroma or cushion-like expansion with the appear- 

 ance and attributes of one of the Sphaeropsideae, producing within 

 cells the sporules on short sporophores characteristic of the 

 family ; but later on the same cells gave origin to sporidia, of 

 which every eight were enclosed in asci, and the Fungus was in all 

 respects a Rhytisma, one of the Ascomycetes. In the third we 

 had a naked mycelium, the erect branches of which produced in 

 chains the conidia of an Oidium, or white mould ; but at a 

 later period the same mycelium developed the perithecia of an 

 Erysiphe, In the fourth instance the pustules of a Melan- 

 conium gave origin to the conidia characteristic of the genus 



