THE FLORA OF IRELAND. 49 



having been added in this list. The calcareous Red Algae, of great econo- 

 mic value, in Bantry Bay, on the Connemara and other coasts (" A List of 

 Irish Coralhnaceae," Proc. R.D.S., vol. 9, 1899) now number some 35 species 

 — 22 being additions. The perforating or shell-boring algae, discovered in 

 France by Bornet, are now known to occur on all the Irish coasts, (e.g., 

 Gomoniia, Hyella, Mastigocoleiis, Cojichocelis, " Some Shell-boring Algse," 

 Nat. Science, vol. 5, 1894). 



Unfortunately Isaac Carroll's collections were mostly destroyed by the 

 fire in Queen's College, Cork, some years ago, but the collections made by 

 Miss A. Ball, fiom Youghal, etc., and many of Miss Hutchins' plants are 

 preserved in the Dublin Museum. 



Ireland is rich in freshwater algas. Up to the year 1892, 900 species and 

 varieties had been recorded, mainly through the efforts of W. Archer, 

 F.R.S., the pioneer in their study, who for twenty years devoted himself to 

 the algal flora, more especially of Counties Dublin and Wicklow, with 

 occasional visits to the west of Ireland. The Rev. E. O'Meara similarly de- 

 voted himself to the Diatomaceae. Since 1892 W. West, F.L.S., helped by 

 his son Professor West, has visited Ireland several times, partly under the 

 auspices of the Fauna and Flora Committee of the Royal Irish Academy, 

 and has added 400 species and 200 varieties to the known algal flora, so that 

 there is now recorded for Ireland no less than 1,500 species and varieties. 

 Of this total three-eighths are Desmids (Cosmarium, etc.), and one quarter, 

 Diatoms. Connemara, Wicklow, and the counties of the S.W. appear to be 

 richest in fresh-water algas. Many species new to science have been 

 described from Ireland, some of which have since been found in other coun- 

 tries. Some of the species are of an " Atlantic " type, being confined to the 

 West of Ireland, Wales, N.W. Scotland, and Scandinavia. 



I am indebted to Mr. West for the accompanying lists. 



Some of the rare species of Ireland not recorded elsewhere : — 



Staurastnim Archerii, S. vcrticillatuvi^ S. Donardense^ S. subgmcilli- 

 miwi^ S. co7iicnlatuvi v. spinigeruviy S. Gatniense, S. latiuscidmn^ S. 

 barbaricum , S. jaculiferiim^ S. trachyconenni, S. curvatum, S. pelagicuni^ 

 S. pungcns, S. hibeniicum, S. siibpygmaetim^ S. natator^ S. pseiidosebaldi 

 V. duacense, S. Arnellii v. spiniferuin ; Cylindrocystis obesa ; Arthrodesmiis 

 tripinnatns^ A. elegans ; Cosviatiian perpusilhini, C. sjibdanictim, C. 

 syjithlibome?mm, C. obciineaUan^ C hiberniciim, C. qiiadridentattim ; 

 Xanthidiiim sub/iastiferwn, X. apmtliferum ; Spondylosium ellipticum ; 

 Sphaerozosma gramdatum v. trigramdatum ; Zygnema momoniensc, 

 Golenkhna paucispinosa; Crucigenia Tetrapedia, C. pulchra ; Chodatella 

 breviscta ; CalotJirix parietina t. Jubetmicum ; Polycistis elongata ; 

 Anabaena ortliogona. 



The following are amongst those Irish Species that have been found but 

 rarely elsewhere : — 



Cosmarium temie, C. Scenedesvtus, C. ReiiiscJiii, C. tuberculatus , C. 

 nas2ihim, C. per/oratiun, C. goniodes, C. sphaeroideiun, C. sportella ; 

 Cosmodadmin bonstrictum, C. siibramosum ; Arthrodesmus tenmssiinus, 

 A. phiinus ; Pleiirotaeniiim nobile, P. nodosum; Docidiuni dilatatuvi ; 

 Mesotaeniian iMirHficuin ; Cylindrocystis minutissima ; Staurastrum elon- 

 gatmn, S. cornitum, S. naamense, S. Manjeldtii, S. scabrum, S. Brebis- 

 sonii, S. megalonotum, S. monticulosum, S. eristatum, S. oligacanthum, 

 S. megacantJuivi^ S. polytrichum, S. spongiomvi v. perfidiun, S. amoenum, 



E 



