THE BREWING INDUSTRY IN IRELAND. 475 



duty, Watkins* Brewery was owned by Sir James Taylor, who headed the 

 hst of duty payments, at a time when the present firm of Guinness 

 paid but a small amount. In 1790 the number of brewers had increased to 

 fifty, paying between them ;6"40,788 19^-. 4}i.d. Excise duty, and Watkins still 

 headed the list of duty payers, paying £3,32^, los. 5^^., while Guinness 

 paid only ii^744 17s. 0}'2d. The concern came into the ownership 

 of Messrs. Richard and Joseph Watkins in the early part of the 

 last century. The Darley family are connected by marriage with the 

 Watkins, and so afford another example of the hereditary association certain 

 families have had with the brewing industry in Ireland, for, as in the case 

 of the Guinness, D'Arcy, Cairnes, Murphy, Thornhill, Smithwick, Macardle, 

 Brennan, Beamish, Crawford, Cherry, Keily, Cassidy, Perry, Sullivan, and 

 other families, many of the principal breweries in Ireland have been kept in 

 the same families for generations. Messrs. Watkins and Co. do not brew- 

 ale, but confine themselves exclusively to stout and porter for bottle and 

 draught. They brew from malt and hops only, and make all their own malt 

 from Irish barley, grown mostly in the Counties of Tipperary and Wexford. 

 The Mountjoy Brewery was founded in 1852 by Mr. Alexander Findlater, 



a Scotch gentleman who settled in Dublin. Mr. 



The Findlater's name is perpetuated in Findlater's Church, 



Mountjoy Brewery, a handsome building at the corner of Rutland Square, 



which he presented to the Presbyterian community. 

 The brewery was formed into a Limited Company in 1890, and was very 

 fortunate in being bought at a moderate price, and having only a small 

 capital on v.'hich to pay dividends. The brewing is in the hands of 

 Mr. J. R. Blood, grand-nephew of the original proprietor. The brewery, 

 which is situated in the north-eastern extremity of Dublin, covers four 

 acres of ground, and has a frontage to the main street of 240 feet. 

 The makings, vat houses, cooperage, etc., are situated at the back, and the 

 whole is enclosed by a lofty stone wall and numerous buildings. This firm 

 buy the best malt and hops procurable, and notwithstanding all the diffi- 

 culties with which Irish brewers have to contend, are steadily making head- 

 way. Nothing but stout and porter has ever been brewed at the Mountjoy 

 Brewery, and the liquor is sold principally in Ireland and England. The 

 firm, however, ship a considerable quantity to Gibraltar, Malta, and Cyprus, 

 where they have a connection of many years standing. Their " Crown " 

 nourishing stout is a specialty, and their export trade during 1901, according 

 to the shipping returns of the Port of Dublin, published in the daily papers 

 at the beginning of the year was next to Messrs. Arthur Guinness and Co. 

 The North Anne Street Brewery, Dublin, the proprietors of which are 



Messrs. Jameson, Pim and Co., can lay claim to 

 The North Anne very great antiquity ; they hold old leases dating from 

 Street Brewery. 171 5. and that portion of their works which embraces 



Hasard's Brewery, Beresford Street, is said to be of 

 even earlier date. The business now includes those of James Pim and Co.. 

 Thunder and Co., Ally and Co., and Robert Manders and Co., which at 

 different times have been absorbed by it. The present proprietors of this 

 brewery also own the famous distillery of Messrs. John Jameson and Son, 

 Ltd., of Bow-street. The premises and plant are in excellent order, and are 

 being continually improved, and a new main boiler, engines, and chimney 

 shaft have just been put in. All the malt used is made by the firm at 

 the brewery makings, almost entirely from Irish barley, the greater part of 



