34 



COMPARATIVE ANATOMY. 



corresponding cuneiform (en 1 , en 2 , en 3 ). The three cunei- 

 forms now articulate with the single scaphoid (s), and it in 

 turn with the astragalus (a). Upon the outer division (II.) 

 the elements of the fourth and fifth toes unite with the cuboid 

 (cb), and it with the calcaneum (cl). On comparing this ar- 

 rangement with that seen in the foot of the horse (Fig. 2), the 

 inner portion of the foot (I.) is seen to lack the elements of 

 the first toe and metatarsal bone. The second metatarsal 

 series (2) is reduced to a rudiment of the metatarsal bone 

 inner splint bone (m 2 ), which joins the second cuneiform 

 (en 2 ). The third series of elements is perfected, the three 

 phalanges (p 1 , p 2 , p 3 ) articulate with the third metatarsal 

 (m 3 ), which unites with the large flattened cuneiform (en 3 ), 

 receiving the scaphoid (s), which in turn combines with the 

 astragalus (a). The elements of the outer part of the foot 

 (II.) are restricted to those of the rudiment of the fourth 

 metatarsal (m 4 ) outer splint bone, its phalangeal series, as 

 well as the segment of the entire fifth toe and metatarsal 

 bone, being absent. The fourth metatarsal (m 4 ) joins the 

 cuboid, it to articulate with the calcaneum (cl). 



Table of Elements of Cranial Vertebras of Man. (OWEN.) 



