02 



THE EAttTH. 



FIG. 13 SECTION OP 40 DEG. OF THE 

 EARTH'S SURFACE, BEING THE 

 SOUTHERN PART OF ASIA, AND 

 INCLUDING THE HIGHEST LAND 

 IN THE WORLD. 



The outer uneven line represents the 

 mountains and table-lands from the 

 sea's level, and the lower line shows 

 the depth to which the crust of the 

 earth's surface has been examined 

 about five miles. 



A to B. Level of sea. 



B to second C. Hindustan. 



C to D. Thibet. 



D to E Great Desert of Gobi. 



F. 500 miles of Earth's radius. 



C to C. Th Himalayas, in which 

 occurs the highest mountain in the 

 world, Dhawalagiri, which is 28,174 feet 

 high. 



came pouring down in torrents 

 of liquid earth (lava), deluging 

 the surrounding country and 

 filling up the beds of the 

 adjacent seas, casting out 

 cinders and ores of metals 

 as iron, which appears to have 

 first made its appearance at 

 that time, mingling with the 

 deposits and tinging them of a 

 red colour. These great vol- 

 canoes, upon the subsidence of 

 the rock- waves, still (more or 

 less) retained their communi- 

 cation with the interior fiery 

 earth, and are now the great- 

 est safeguards against such a 

 general crushing-up of the 

 strata, for they act as safety- 

 valves against any unequal ex- 

 pansion of the interior (fig. 14). 

 The greatest eruptions of volcanoes or the most terrific 

 earthquakes of modern times, are as the most insignificant 



