85 



The stars project and are conical, or like little hillocks ; 

 the central axis is solid, simple, or dilated, surrounded by 

 radiating lamellae adhering to it. 



In the hydnophorae, as in the meandrinae, the raised 

 cones and little hillocks are the parts which occupy the 

 interstices which are left by the polypes between them ; the 

 polpyes existing in the vallies, where they adhere to each 

 other. In the hydnophorae, the cones, as well as the little 

 hillocks, are insulated and circumscribed ; whilst the hillocks 

 in the meandrinae are not. 



The necessity of placing these fossils under a distinct 

 genus was seen by M. Fischer, of Moscow, who distinguished 

 them by the name hydnophora. Lamarck also, seeing the 

 necessity of their separation, formed the genus monticularia 

 for their reception. 



1. Hydnoph. folium. . . . Recent. 



2. H. tobatum. . . . Recent. 



3. polygonatum. . . . Recent. 



4. microconos. . . . Mad. exesa. Pallas. Zooph. p. 290. Sol. and 



Ellis, Tab. xlix. Hydnophora Pallasii, Fisch. 



5. meandrinum. 



6. Cuvieri. . . . Fossil. . Russia Fisch. Rech. No. iv. Tab. i. fig. 2. 



7. Molii Fossil. . Russia Fisch. Rech. No. 5. Tab. i. fig. 1. 



8. Knorrii Fossil. . 4 Fisch. Rech. No. 6. Guettard iii. 



PI. xxvii. fig. 2. 



9. Guettardi Fossil. . Fisch. Rech. No. 7. Guettard iii. 



PL Ixiv. fig. 1, 4, 5. 



10. Bourguetii Fossil. . Fisch. Rech. No. 8. Guettard iii. 



PI. xliv. fig. 5, 7, 8. 



The figures represented, PL iii. fig. 19, 21, 22, and 23; 

 PL viii. fig. 40 ; PL ix. fig. 41 ; PL x. fig. 46, in Bourguet's 

 Traite, belong to this genus. 



The fossils represented, Organic Remains, vol. ii. PL vi. 

 fig. 4; PL xii. fig. 1, 2, 4, 6, 11, 13, are also of this genus. 



