THE ELEMENTARY STRUCTURE OF PLANTS. 



apart at an early period into separate individ- 

 uals. In that case, the result is the same as 

 in the preceding (31); especially when the 

 cells are globular and divide first in one di- 

 rection and next in the opposite direction ; ex- 

 cept that here the parent cell is, as it were, 

 broken up into two or four, each invested with 

 its portion of the original cell-membrane. 

 While in the former, the old cell-wall is de- 

 stroyed or remains distinct, and the new cells 

 formed in it acquire each its own independent 

 coating of cell-membrane. This is the more 

 apparent where the cell is elongated and goes 

 on to form a chain of cells, as in the green 

 Confervas of streams and pools. Fig. 8 rep- 

 resents a portion of a Conferva, magnified, so 

 as plainly to exhibit the/ormation of the par- 

 titions. Here the process of division goes on 

 pari passu with that of 



34. Gemmation or Budding ; namely, with con- 

 tinuous growth from their free extremity, or 

 the shooting forth of a protrusion or branch 

 from some part of the surface of a cell, which grows onward from 

 its apex in the same way. A cell thus prolonged into a tube is 

 divided by a transverse partition ; the upper joint, 9 

 after elongating from its apex, has its cavity like- 

 wise divided into two by a transverse partition ; the 

 lowest of these remaining stationary, the upper 

 elongates and continues the same process ; which 

 may thus go on indefinitely. Fig. 9-12 show 

 modifications of this gemmiparous (or budding) 

 mode of growth, as seen in some of the micro- 

 scopic plants of doubtful nature which develope in 

 fermenting infusions. 



FIG. 3. Branching summit of a plantlet of Conferva glomerata, magnified ; after Mohl ; 

 showing, at a, a, the partitions forming by the infolding process. 



FIG. 9-12. The minute infusory plant which developes in yeast and fluids which are in 

 vinous fermentation, 9. The original vesicle or cell, which is forming a second by a kind 

 of budding. 10. The same, farther advanced. 12. The plant fully developed by the successive 

 production of new cells in this manner. 11. The same, or a similar plant, developing in a 

 slightly different mode, nearly as in Fig. 8. All the figures are magnified. 



