BUDS. 



97 



the season. Then a series of leaves form as bud-scales, with inter- 

 nodes incapable of extension, and within them the rudiments of the 

 next year's vegetation are prepared, to 

 be developed as before, after a season 

 of repose. As might be expected, 

 therefore, such scaly (or perulate) 

 buds belong to trees and shrubs of 

 countries which have a winter; and 

 are not met with, at least distinctly, in 

 those of the tropics ; where, as there 

 is no danger of injury from cold, the 

 first parts that appear in the bud are 

 ordinary leaves. Indeed, very many 

 trees and shrubs of cold climates bear 

 naked buds, as the Locust, Honey Lo- 

 cust, Ailanthus, &c., or buds with little 

 scaly covering, as in the Kentucky 

 Coffee-tree, the Papaw, &c. But in 

 these cases the bud scarcely projects 

 so as to be visible externally until it 

 begins to develope in the spring. In 

 Viburnum, some species, such as V. 

 Opulus, &c., have proper scaly buds, 

 while in V. lantanoides, V. nudum, 

 &c., they are entirely naked. 



146. The bud, it is evident, is noth- 

 ing more than the first stage in the 

 development of a stem* (or branch), 

 the axis still so short that the scales 

 without and the rudimentary leaves 

 within cover or overlap one another. 

 The various ways in which these parts 

 are packed in the bud will be consid- 

 ered under another head (Vernation, 

 257). That the scales of the bud 

 are of the same general nature as leaves is evident, not only from 



FIG. 130. Branch of Magnolia Umbrella, of the natural size, crowned with the terminal bud ; 

 and below exhibiting the large, rounded leaf-scars, and the annular scars left by the fall of the 

 bud-scales, of the previous season. 131. A detached scale from a similar bud ; its thickened 

 axis is the base of a leaf-stalk ; the membranous sides consist of the pair of stipules. 



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