86 



SEEDS AND FRUITS 



farms. Buckhorn, Ox-eye Daisy, and many other weeds are 

 often first found along the railway. Seeds of various kinds are 

 often carried in the packing around nursery stock. Quack Grass 

 Canada Thistle, Ox-eye Daisy, and other weeds are often spread 



FIG. 88. Some spiny weed fruits which catch to the coats of animals, 

 o, cow with tail loaded with weed fruits, b, fruits of Beggar-ticks (Bidens). 

 c, spiny fruit of Burdock (Arctium Lappa). d, fruit of Comfrey (Symphytum). 

 e, fruit of another Beggar-tick. Adapted from Bailey and from Hayden. 



in this way. Quack Grass is often carried in straw, and may 

 be introduced on a farm by using straw for covering Grapes and 

 Strawberries. Manure hauled from livery stables is a very im- 

 portant means of introducing plants on the farms where the 

 manure is used. In hauling hay along the highways, seeds of 

 various kinds are dropped and from the highways the plants 

 spread to the fields. Those weeds, such as Quack Grass, White 

 Top, Field Sorrel, and others which are common in meadows, 

 are often spread in this way. When the fields are wet, seeds 



