SCALE-LEAVES, FOLL\GE-LEAVES, ELOUAL-LEAVES. 



()33 



of the net- work between these strands are principally formed from trans- 

 versel^'-running lateral strands. In the Australian Leiixopocjon Gunningliami, 

 one of the Epacride.e (see tig. 150"), the very narrow meshes of the net-work 

 are, ou the other hand, formed by the longitudinally-running lateral strands. 

 A very peculiar form of the apical arrangement of strands is that which the 

 older botanists called jyedate. Three distinct strands enter the base of the 

 blade from the leaf - stalk ; the central strand is relatively thin and pas-ses 



Fig. 150.— Distribution of Strands in the blades of FoUage-IeaTcs : Forms with several main strands. 



' Apical or acrodroraous (Bupteurum /alca(um). s Curved or campylodrnmous (Hydrocharis Mnrstis-ranw). 'Curved 

 (3Iaianlhemum bifolium). * Curved (Funkia). « Fan-like or di.-iilronious (Ginkgo bitoba). « Apical or acrodromnua 

 iLeucopogon Cunnitighami). 'Apical, "pedSLte" (Pamassia palustrU). » Parallel (JJamiiuso). » Parallel (Oryra 

 ctandcitiiia). 



direct towards the leaf-apex; the two lateral are thick, bend round like an 

 arcli to the right and left as soon ;is they have entered the blade, and then 

 send arched lateral strands toward the upper margin, which are almost equi- 

 valent to the central main strand, and may at first sight even be taken for 

 main strands. This aiTangement is found in the Birthwort and A.sarabacca 

 (Arwtolochia Clematitis and Asarum Europwiim), in numerous violets and 

 Ranunculaceaj, and in the Grass of Parnassus {Parnassia palustris), the leaf of 

 which is shown in fig. 150'. 



Main strands which enter the blade in large mnnbers, but always separately, 



