930 



INDEX. 



Aristolochia, colour and odour, ii. 197. 



— imprisonment of insects, ii. 165. 



— insect platforms, ii. 225. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199, 



— perianth, ii. 165. ' 



— stem, i. 364. 



Aristolochia Clematitis, allurement of in- 

 sects, ii. 206. 222. 



flower, gynandria, ii. 292. 



food of Thais Hypermnestra, ii. 48S 



insect platform, ii. 226. 



odour, i. 431. 



pollination, ii. 244. 



venation, i. 633. 



Aristolochia Gigas, scent, ii. 200. 



var. Sturtevantii, size and colour of 



flowers, ii. 185. 

 Aristolochia ringens, flowers, ii. 166. 



insect platform, ii. 225. 



Aristolochia Sipho, leaf-blades, i. 649. 



sinistrorse twining, i. 685. 



Aristolochiacece, ii. 599, 755. 



— American, size of flowers, ii. 185. 



— protogynous, ii. 312. 



— South American, i. 202. 

 Aristotle, biology of plants, i. 16. 

 Armeria, pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— stigma, Ii. 281. 



Armeria alpina, autogamy, ii. 35S. 



seed-dispersal, ii. 854. 



Armeria vulgaris, autogamy, ii. 358. 

 Amebia cornuta, fruit protection, ii. 442. 

 Arnica, flowers, sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



— habitat, 1 112. 



— pollination, i. 740. 



Arnica montana and Campanula, colour con- 

 trast, ii. 193. 



florets and autogamy, ii. 363. 



flower-opening constant, i, 559. 



periphei:^ flowers, ii. 187. 



Amoserispusilla, persistent cotyledons, L 622. 

 Aroidese. ii. 742. 



— adherent roots, i. 108. 



— adventitious roots, i. 751. 



— aerial roots, i. 365, 753; ii. 745. 



— arrangement of roots, i. T66. 



— certain, resemblance to Leucobryum and 



Sphagnum in water-absorption, i. 220. 



— coloured bracts in, ii, 183. 



— description, ii. 742. 



— development of climbing roots, i. 705. 



— epiphj-llous buds, ii. 43. 



— epiphytic, aerial roots, porous covering 



and root-hairs, i. 223. 



— extrusion of water from leaves, i, 271. 



— geitonogamy in, ii. 325. 



— geographical distribution, ii. 745. 



— imprisonment of insects. &c., ii. 164. 



— inflorescence, i. 501. 



— insects and pollen, ii. 222, 244. 



— leaf perforation, i. 413. 



— leaves of, structure in relation to trans- 



piration, i. 288. 



— moncecious, protogynous, ii. 313. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— on ground of woods, i. 109. 



— on trees, i. 106. 



— origin of roots, i. 771. 



— pericarp mucilage, i. 615. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



— temperature within spathe. i. 501. 

 Arolla pine. See Pimis Cembra. 



Aronia rotundifoUa, Gymnosporangium gall, 



ii. 521. 

 Aronicum glaciale, dichogamy, ii. 312. 

 Arrangements for reception of insects, ii. 



226. 227. 



— for retention of pollen, ii. 279. 

 Arrhenatherum. flowers, sexual conditiODS, 



ii. 297. 

 Arrow-head. See Sagittaria. 

 Arrowroot, source of, ii. 730, 

 Artedia squamata, seed-dtsjtersal, ii. 853. 

 Artemisia, as host of Orobanche, i. 185. 



— hairiness, i. 317. 319. 

 Artemisia Absynthium, ii. 87- 



Artemisia Absynthium, &c.. hairs, i. 322. 

 Artemisia campestris, and gall of Cecido- 



rayia Arteroisice, ii. 547. 

 Artemisia Mut«Uina, &c,, geitonogamy, iL 



322. 



habitat and hairiness, i. 316. 



Arthrospore, of Bacteria, ii. 623. 

 Artichoke. See Cynara scolymus. 

 Artocarpacege, ii. 758. 



— collective fruits in, ii, 436. 



— laticiferous tubes, L 470. 



— pollen -grains, ii. 97. 



Artocarpus incisa, flowering and fruiting 



branch, ii. 438. 



from chalk, ii. 613. 



Artocarpus integrifolia, collective fruit, ii. 



436. 

 Arum, moncecious, ii. 297. 



— pollination, ii. 164. 



Arum conocephaloides and Ceratopogon, IL 

 165. 



inflorescence, iL 164. 



Arum cordifolium, temperature within 

 spathe, i. 501. 



Arum Italicum, fly visitors, ii. 165. 



geographical distribution, habitat, i. 



501. 



temperature within spathe, i. 501; ii. 164. 



Arum maculatum and Psychoda phallas- 

 noides, ii. 165. 



habitat, i. 654. 



leaf of, i. 286. 



Arundinaria glaucescens, protection of sto- 

 mata from moisture, i. 294. 



Anindo, arrangement for rain-water exclu- 

 sion between haulm and leaf. i. 98. 



Anindo Donax, dimensions, i. 714. 



reserve-buds, ii. 32. 



Asafcetida. See Scorodosma Asa/cetida. 



Asarabacca. See Asarum Europceujn. 



Asaraceae, ii. 755. 



Asarum. Eestivation, ii. 210, 



— leaf, emerging from soil, t 640. 



— pollen-deposition, ii. 279. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— variety of scent, ii. 488. 



Asarum Canadense, creeping stem, i. 662. 

 Asarum Europseum, creeping stem, i. 662. 



stages in blossoming, ii. 279- 



venation, i. 633. 



winter protection, i. 5.50. 



Ascherson, Flora der Provlnz Brandenburg, 



u. 605. 

 Asci. ii. 19. 



— of Claviceps, ii. 630. 



— of Cordyceps, ii. 679. 



— of Erysiphe, ii. 60. 



— of Morchella, ii. 683. 



— of Moulds, ii. 677. 



— of Tuber, ii. 678, 681. 

 Ascidia, L 127- 



— alluring, &c., contrivances, i. 128. 



— as pitfalls, &c., i. 123. 

 Asclepiadacese. i. 470; ii. 77. 



— cleistogamy in, ii. 393. 



— corpusculum, ii. 257. 



— insect-visitors, ii. 258. 



— poUinia, &c., ii. 97, 257, 259. 



— protective sticky latex, ii 234. 



— soft bast, i- 477. 



— viscin of pollen-grains, ii. 101. 

 Asclepias, scent, ii. 202. 



Asclepias Cornuti, clips on insect foot, ii. 259. 



floral mechanism, ii. 258- 



radical buds, ii. 28. 



Ascoideai, ii. 674. 

 Ascoraycetes, ii. 606. 



— asci and spore formation, ii. 18. 



— distinctive characters, ii. 676. 



— various, ii. 679. 681. 

 Ascophyllum, ii. 664. 

 Ascosporew. ii. 606. 



Ascospores. of Ascomycetes, ii. 19, 676, 693. 

 Ascus, of Podosphivra, ii. 60. 



— of Xylaria, ii. 679. 



Ascus-fniit, basis of clossificiition in Asco- 

 mycetes, ii. 676- 



Ascus-fruit of Eurotium. ii. 679. 



of Moulds, ii- 677. 



Asexual generation of ferns, commencement 



of, ii. 472. 

 Asexual reproduction, in Mucorini and 

 Saprolegniaceae, ii. 480. 481. 



in Saprolegniace-Ee, ii. 484. 



Ash, essential constituents of, iL 66. 

 ~- of chlorophyll, L 371. 



— of Stratiotes aloides. Nymphrea alba 



Chara foetida, Phragmites communis- 

 Biscutelia laevigata, Dorycnium decum- 

 bens. L 69. 



— of Taxus baccata, i. 70. 

 Ash. See Fraxinua excelsior. 



— mountain. See Sorbus Aucuparia. 

 Asparagin, i. 464. 



— an amide. L 458. 



— and respiration, i, 495. 

 Asparaginese, switch-plants in, L 330. 

 Asparagus, ii. 732. 



— phylloclades, i. 652. 



Asparagus acutifolius, &c., weaving habit, 

 L674. 



Asparagus horridus, &c., spines, L 431 



Asparagus officinalis, distribution of sexes, 

 iL299. 



imperfect flowers, iL 294. 



Aspen- See Popuhis tremula. 



Aspergillete, fertilization and fruit-forma- 

 tion, ii. 60. 



Aspergillus, fermentative action, i 508. 



— parasitism, ii. 678. 



— sporangia. &c., ii. 18. 21. 

 Aspergillus fumigatus. habitat, iL 678. 

 Aspergillus niger, conidial hyphae, ii. 677. 

 Asperula, stipules, L 637. 



Asperula aparine. weaving habit, L 671 

 Asperula arvensis. artilicially induced 



drooping, ii. 123. 

 Asperula capitata. evening smell, ii. 209. 

 Asperula galioides, cuckoo-galls, ii. 545. 

 Asperula glomerata, opening of flower, iL 



212. 

 Asperula longiflora, &c„ scent, ii. 200. 

 Asperula odorata, ii. 537. 



effect of clearing wood, i. 391. 



leaf and illumination, L 286. 



mechanical tissue arrangement, L 730. 



stamens, ii. 86. 



winter protection, L 550. 



Asperula taurina, behaviour of styles, L 



740. 



geitonogamy. ii. 325. 



sexual conditions, ii. 296. 



Asperula tinctoria, cuckoo-galls, ii. 545. 

 Asphodel. Scottish. See Tofiddia borealis. 

 Asphodeloidew. characteristics, ii. 730. 

 Ajsphodelus. protogynous, ii. 311. 

 Aspbodelus albus, roots, L 760. 



twisted leaves, L 429. 



Asphodelus ramosus, at Piestum, ii. 730. 

 Aspicilia calcarea, heat resistance, L 551 

 Aspicilia flavida, habitat, i. 117. 

 Aspidiese, sorus and indusiuni, &c., ii. 706. 

 Aspidium. hybrids in, ii. 5^. 

 Aspidium falcatum, apogamy, ii. 458. 

 Aspidium Filix-mas, winter buds, emergence 



from soil, i. 639. 

 Aspidium Thelypteris, necessary soil, ii. 612. 

 Aspleniese, sorus and indusium, ii. 706. 

 Asplenium, buds on fronds, iL 39, 41. 



— hybrids in. ii. 582. 



— prothallus. ii. 11. 



Asplenium Germanicum, hybrid of A, Ruta- 

 muraria x A. septentrionale. ii. 586. 



— Kuta-muraria, sporophyte and prothal- 



Hum. ii. 472. 

 Asses, wild, and Melocactus, L 447. 

 Assimilation and respiration, L 432-495. 



— theory of, i. 456. 



Aster, and ancient crossing, ii. 655. 



— autogamy, ii. 359. 



— Blue. See Aster AmfUw. 



— colour-contrast in capitulum. ii. 191. 



— flowers, 6e2cual conditions, il. 296. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 321. 



