INDEX. 



935 



Caliophora utilis. Amazon, latex, i. 470. 



Calluna, pollen tetrads, ii. 97. 



Calluna vulgaris, and grazing animals, i. 445. 



distribution and range, i. 305, 526. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



pollination, ii. 129. 



sheltered pollen, ii. 107. 



Callus, buda from, ii. 30. 



— formation in leaf-cuttings, ii. 42. 

 CalothamnuB, unprotected pollen, ii. 107. 

 Caltha, trabeculye in palisade cells, i. 374. 

 Caltrop. See Tribulus. 

 Caljcanthus, flower, icosandria, ii. 293. 



— fruit, ii. 434. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



— scent, ii. 200. 

 Calyceraceae, ii. 765. 

 Calyciflorse, of De Candolle, ii. 603. 

 Calyptra. of Bryum, &c., ii. 479, 700. 

 Calyx, accessory in fruit formation, ii 433. 



— EBstivation, ii. 210. 



— and autogamy, ii. 366. 



— application of term, i. 641. 



— inflated, protection by, ii. 238. 

 Cambium, i. 469, 476. 



— in Isoetes. i. 717. 



— of Laminaria, ii. 662. 



Camelina sativa, gall-mites and floral meta- 

 morphosis, ii. 543. 



germination constant, i. 553. 



Camellia, and ancient crossing, ii. 555. 



— double hybrids, ii. 576. 



— host of Mycoidea, ii. 653. 

 Camellia Japonica, scenliesa, ii. 209. 

 Campanula and Arnica Montana, &c., colour- 

 contrast, ii- 193. 



— and insect visits, ii. 222. 



— autogamy, ii. 361. 



— bell, 33 insect shelter, ii. 163. 



— cleiatogamy. ii. 393. 



— diversity of pollen protection, ii. 128. 



— nectary concealment, ii. ISl. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 100. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 128, 118, 113 ^ 



— seed-dispersal, ii. 447. 



— storing of pollen, ii. 359. 

 Campanula barbata, autogamy, ii. 362. 



protection of pollen, ii. 113. 



temperature within flower, i. 501. 



Campanula carpatica, autogamy, ii. 362. 

 Campanula persicifolia, anthocyanin, i. 520. 

 flower and autogamy, ii. 360. 



pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Campanula patula, protection of pollen, ii. 



121. 

 Campanula pusilla, elevation and coloration, 

 ii. 511. 



leaf-mosaic, i. 410. 



leat-rosette. i. 411. 



Campanula pyramidalis, autogamy, ii. 362. 

 Campanula rapunculoides, autogamy, ii. 362. 



capsules in dry and wet weather, ii. 448. 



Campanula rotundif oUa, protection of pollen, 



u. 123. 

 Campanula spicata, autogamy, ii. 362. 



protection of pollen, ii. 113. 



Campanula Trachelium, autogamy, ii. 363. 



foliaceous stamen, ii. 86, 88. 



white and blue-flowered individuals, ii. 



193. 

 Campanula Zoisii, pull of roots, i. 763. 

 CampanulaceiB, ii. 767. 



— protandrous, ii. 312. 



— storage of pollen, ii. 94. 



CampeUa Zanonia, root-hairs of, i. 224. 



Camphoraoflicinalis, orC. officinarum. dehis- 

 cence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93, 753. 



Camphor Tree. See Campkora officinalis. 



Camponotus jEthiops and Jurinea Mollis, ii. 

 243. 



Campylodiscus spiralis, it 626. 



Campylodromous venation, i. 633, 634. 



Campylopus, vegetative propagation, ii. 816. 



Campylopus fragilis, brood-body, ii. 23. 



propagation from leaves, ii. 458. 



Campylotropous ovule, i. 644 



— seed, ii. 425. 



Canadian Golden-rod. See Solidago Cana- 

 densis. 



Canadian Lianes, i. 670. 



Canal, in cell-wall, i. 45. 



Canal-cells, of neck of amphigonium, ii. 64, 

 67. 



Candles, made from Balanophoras, i. 190. 



Cane-sugar, alluring, i. 461. 



Canker, causes of various sorts, ii. 522, 523. 



Canna, pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



— starch, L 459. 



— venation, i. 634. 



— water-ahsorption by seeds, ii. 426. 

 Canna indica, ii. 736. 

 Cannabinacefe, ii. 758. 

 Cannabis, amount of pollen, ii. 151. 



— bast-ceils, i. 725. 



— dioecious, ii. 2^9. 



— pollination, ii. 133, 143. 



Cannabis sativa, filament of stamen, iL 83. 



fruit-protecting glands, ii. 447. 



germination constant, i. 561. 



poUen-grains, ii. 98. 



protogyny, ii. 313. 



vitality of spermatoplasra, ii. 96. 



Cannaceffi, ii. 599. 



— floral characters, ii. 736. 



— leaves and rain conduction, i. 94. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 97. 



Cantharellus cibarius, appearance, ii. 491. 



edible, PI. XIV., ii. 689. 



Caoutchouc, source of, i. 756. 

 Cap. of Hjinenomycetes, ii. 688. 



— of moss Bporogonium, ii. 15. 

 Cape, hairiness of plants, i. 317. 



— heaths ot number and variety; other 



plants with rolled leaves, i, 306. 



— spiny plants, i. 438. 



Cape bulbs, cross-fertilization, ii. 301. 

 Cape of Good Hope, flora comparable to that 



of Baltic lowlands, i. 305. 

 Capercailzie. See Tttrao Urogallus. 

 Capillarity, and ascent of sap, i. 269, 270. 

 Capillary action of porous cells in Leuco- 



bryum and Sphagnum, i. 220. 

 Capillitium, mode of action, ii. 812. 



— of Gasteromycetes, ii. 690. 



— of Myxomycetes, ii. 619. 



Capitate cell, glandular, of Aldrovandia, i. 

 153. 



— cells, secretory action in Pelargonium, &c., 



i. 229. 



— galls on Prunus, ii. 532, 



— hairs, advantage of, i. 230. 



escretionof,restrictive of transpiration, 



i. 312. 

 Capitula, of Helosis, i. 192. 

 Capitulum, i. 739. 



— 1-flowered, i. 766. 



— prevalence, i. 745. 

 Caprification, U. 160-162. 

 Caprifoliacese, cross-fertilization in, ii. 301. 



— geitonogamy in, ii. 325. 



— protogynous, ii. 312. 

 CaprifoUales, ii. 763. 

 Caproic acid, ii. 202. 

 Capsella, pollen-grain, ii 100. 

 Capsella Bursarpastoris, galls on, ii. 525. 



leaves and Ught, i. 410. 



Capsella pauciflora, stem, i. 656. 



Capsxilar envelope of spores in Florideie, ii. 



62. 



— fruits, ii. 431. 



Capsule, inferior, dehiscence, ii. 79. 



— nature of, ii. 430. 



— of BryacejB, ii. 702. 



— of Colchicom, ii. 729. 



— of Lathrsea and Orobanche, i 181. 



— of Marchantiacese, dehiscence, ii. 697 



— of Sphagnum cymbifolium, ii. 700. 



— restricted sense, ii. 432. 

 Capsule-gall, ii. 539. 



Capsules, seed protection and dispersal, ii. 



447. 

 Caragana, reserve buds, ii. 33. 

 Caragana microphylla, &c., stipular spines, 



i448. 



Carbohydrate, conversion into albumen, i 



457. 

 Carbohydrates, conducting tissues for, i. 479. 



— formation of, i. 60. 456. 



— oxidation, i. 378. 495. 



— splitting up by Bacteria, i. 263. 

 Carbon, i. 253. 



— chemical properties, i. 452. 



— in albumen, i. 457. 



Carbonate of lime. See Calcium carhonate. 



Carbon-dioxide, i 263. 



absorption by cell-wall, conversion into 



carbonic acid, i 368. 



in air, i. 79. 



in nutrition, i. 60. 



Carbonic acid, i 235. 



absorption by earth, &c., i 83. 



conduction by aqueous tissue, i 330. 



decomposition, i. 371. 455. 



elimination by roots, i. 88. 



evolution in fermentation, i. 506. 



factors controlling absorption, i. 60. 



food-gas, transmission, i. 367. 



in symbiosis of Hepaticse with Roti- 



fera, i. 255. 



in water, effect, ii. 499. 



reduction, and formation of carbohy- 

 drates, i 378. 



soiurce of, for hydrophytes, i. 260. 



source of, for lithophytes, &c., i. 61. 



sources of, i. 83. 



Cardamine, colour-contrast in inflorescence, 

 ii. 193. 



— influence of gall-mites, ii 550. 



— rhizome and light, i 484. 

 Cardamine alpina. autogamy, ii. 335. 



food of grub of Pieris Callidice, ii 



488. 



Cardamine amara, anthocyanin, i 522. 



habit and temperatme, ii. 503. 



Cardamine chenopodiifoha, cleistogamy, ii. 

 393. 



Cardamine hirsuta, facultative perennial, ii. 

 453. 



Cardamine impatiens, seed-dispersal, ii. 835. 



Cardamine pratensis and cuckoo-spit, ii. 544. 



artificially induced drooping, ii. 123 



buds on leaves, ii. 41. 



epidermal roots, i. 766. 



flower, tetradynamia, ii. 292- 



hermaphrodite, ii. 296. 



root-forming leaves, i. 772. 



Cardamine trifolia, anthocyanin, i. 520. 



Cardamine uliginosa, gall-mites and flower , 

 metamorphosis, ii. 548. 



vegetative propagation and its cause, ii. 



459. 



Cardiospermum, tendrils, i. 694. 



Cardopatium corjinbosum, cotyledons in ger- 

 mination, i 613. 



germination, i. 611. 



Carduus, hybrids, ii 585. 



— spinose leaves, i 438. 

 Carex, ii. 719. 



— hybrids in, ii. 583. 



— pollination, ii. 133. 136, 143. 



— protogjDOUS, ti. 313. 



— substratum, ii. 49S. 



— venation, i 634. 



Carex ^k^ta, and cattle, i. 440. 



Carex aciltifotonis, dichogamy and hybridiza- 

 tion, ii. 315. 



Carex aterrima and C. atrata, anthocyanin, 

 i. 522. 



Carex Boenninghausiana. hybridof C.panicu- 

 lata X C. remota, ii. 586. 



Carex canescens, &c., dichogamy and hybriot- 

 zabion, ii. 315. 



Carex curvula, habitat, i. 113. 



Carex Davalliana, &c., dioecious, ii. 299. 



Cares microglochin, hooked fruit, ii 874. 



Carex paludosa, leaf section, i 295. 



Carex pendula, protection of stomata fron* 

 moisture, i. 295. 



Carex stricta, barbs, i. 439. 



protection of stomata from moisture, 



i294. 



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