938 



INDEX. 



Chara fragilis, structure and reproduction, 



ii. 660. 

 Chara rudis. great lime accumulator, i 260. 

 Chara stelligera, starch stars, ii. 660. 

 CharaceEe. i. 424; ii. 606. 



— apical-cell, division, i. 578. 



— fossil, fruits, ii. 661. 



— lime deposition, strengthening, i. 425 



— structure and reproduction, ii. 659. 

 Characium. nature of, ii. 639. 

 Charales, ii. 659. 



Cheilantbus odora, rolling up of frond, i. 314. 

 Cheiranthus Cheiri, possible cause of doub- 

 ling, ii. 554. 



scent, ii. 201. 



vitality of spermatoplasm. ii. 96. 



Chelidoninm, autogamy, ii. 341. 



— ovary, ii. 76. 



Chehdonium majus, caruncle, ii. 425. 



epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



latex, i. 470. 



Chemical affinity, i. 58. 

 ChenopodiaceiB, ii. 463. 



— andrtecium, ii. 750. 



— embryo, ii. 422. 



— exstipulate. ii. 749. 

 Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus, i. 450. 

 Chenopodium Quinoa, endosperm, ii. 750. 

 Cherleria sedoides. nectaries, ii. 176. 

 Chermes, parthenogenesis, ii. 464. 

 Chermes abietis, and gall formation, ii. 534, 



544, 551. 

 Cherry, Dwarf. See Prunns Chamcecerasus. 



— protection, Li. 446. 

 Cherry-gnm, source, i. 453. 

 Chervil. See Ckce>-ophijllum. 

 Chestnut. See Castanea. 



Chickweed, common. See Stellaria media. 

 Chili Pine. See Aravcaria imbricata. 

 Chinese, and artificial crossing, ii. 555. 



— galls, ii. 535. 



— Primrose. See Prinuda sinensis. 



— Tree of Heaven, ^^a AiUinlhus glandu- 



losa. 

 Chirita sinensis, epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 

 Chlronomus and Aristolochia Clematitis, ii. 



244. 



— and Arum Italicum, ii. 165. 

 Ohitinous insects, protection against, ii. 237. 

 Chives. See A llimn Schcenoprasum. 

 ChlamydomonadesB, description, ii. 628. 

 Chlamydomouas, reproduction, ii. 629. 



— vacuoles of swarm-spore, i. 30. 

 Chlamydospore and teleutospore, ii. 6S4. 

 Chlamydoapores. in Hemiasci, ii. 674. 



— nature of, ii. 685. 



— of Ascomycetea, ii. 676. 



— of Hemibasidii, ii. 674. 



— of Mucor, ii. 673. 

 Chloraugium, life-cycle, ii. 636. 

 Chloranthy. See A7itholysi.-<. 

 ChlorenchjTJia, of switch-plants, i. 331. 



— transpiring tissue, i. 278. 

 Chlorine, i. 83. 



— in ash of plants, i. 66. 

 Chlorochytrium Lemrne, habitat, life-history, 



u. 637. 

 Ohlorophyceae, ii. 606. 



— alliances of, ii. 620. 



— biological importance, Ii. 627. 



— description, ii. 627. 



— reproduction, ii. 628. 

 Chlorophyll, i. 460. 



— absence not essential character of sapro- 



phytes, i. 103. 



— and depth of water, i. 387. 



— and light, i. 391 ; ii. 510. 



— distribution in mesophyll, i. 279. 



— fluorescence and function, i. 519. 



— in aerial roots, i. 754. • 



— in Alga), i. 375. 



— in cotyledons, i. 622. 



— in cotyledons and endosperm of Mistletoe, 



i. 206. 

 •— in relation to saprophytism, i. 102. 



— in roots, i. 766. 



— Iron neccs-viry for formation of, i. 67. 



Chlorophyll, modus operandi, i. 379. 



— presence in all members, i. 375. 



— properties, composition, ash, theories 



about, i. 372. 



— protection, i. 390. 

 Chlorophyll-corpuscles, action on carbonic 



acid, i. 60. 



and decomposition of carbonic acid, Sic, 



i. 63, 465. 371. 



and streaming protoplasm, i. 34. 



arrangement, i. 375. 



changes in autumn leaves, i. 486. 



composition and activity, i. 430. 



fimction. general considerations, L 377. 



in motile protoplasts, i. 30. 



in protonema of Luminous Moss, i. 385. 



movements, i. 380. 



of Floridese, i. 390. 



protean properties, i. 381. 



shape, &c., i. 42, PI. I. 



situation in cell, shape, multiplication, 



number, i. 371, 373. 



starch-grains in, i. 459. 



Chloropbytum comosum, vegetative propa- 

 gation, ii. 820. 



Cholera, i. 162, 163, 265, 506. 



Cholera Bacterium. See SpirochcEte ckolerce 

 asiatica. 



Chondrilla, geitonogamy, ii. 319. 



Chondrioderma difforme, life-history, L 572. 



Christiania, time of flowering, i. 518. 



Chromatophore, behaviour in Mougeotiacese. 

 ii. 658. 



— fate in male gamete of Spirogyra, ii. 653. 



— of Chlamydomouas, ii. 629. 



— of Hydrodictyon, ii- 640. 



— of Pediastrum, ii. 639. 



— reduction in male gametes, ii. 633. 

 Chromatophores of Conjugatte, ii. 654. 



— of Desmids, ii. 655. 



— of Dinoflagellata, ii. 625. 



— of Spirogyra, ii. 6&4. 

 Chroococcaceje, as lichen-algEe, ii. 692. 



— characteristic genera, ii. 621. 

 Chroococcus. alga of Cora, ii. 695. 

 Chroococcnscinuamomeus,brick-red patches, 



i. 105. 



Chroolepidese, symbionts of Lichens, dis- 

 persal, i. 246. 



Chrj'santhemum and ancient crossing, i. 555. 



Chrj'santhemum Leucanthemum, eflfect of 

 mutilation, ii. 517. 



Cbrysobalanns, flower, ii. 293, 779. 



Chrysospleuium, dehiscence of pollen-sacs, 

 ii. 92. 



Chrysospleuium altemifoUum. autogamy, ii. 

 379. 



Chj-tridese, microscopic parasites, i. 169. 



— selection of host, i. 171. 

 Chytridiace33, ii. 606, 668. 



— characters, ii. 671. 



— sporangia and spores, ii. 17. 

 Chytridium OUa, life-history, i. 170. 

 sporangia, &c., ii. 17. 



swarm-spore development, ii. 669. 



Cibotium, protection of sporangia, ii. 13. 

 Cicada and cuckoo-spit, ii. 490, 544. 

 Cichorium, protection of pollen, ii. 114. 

 Cichorium Intybus, latitude and closing, ii. 



217, 218. 

 Cicuta virosa, absorptive cells of, i. 9L 

 Cider, i. 507. 

 Ciha. fate of. i. 31. 



— of Bacteria, ii. 623. 



— of swarm-spores, ii. 17- 



~ of Vaucheria clavata, i. 24. 



— sorts of, i. 29. 



— vibratile, function of, i. 57. 

 Cilissa, sheltering in flowers, ii. 163. 

 Cimicifuga, coloured stamen-filaments, ii. 183. 



— nectaries, ii. 179. 

 Cimicifuga fcetida, scent, ii. 202. 

 Cinchona, capsule, ii. 431. 



— seed, ii. 423. 

 Cincinnus. i. 738. 



Cinclidotus riparius. as mud-collector, i, 

 267. 



Cinnamomum.dehiscenceof pollen-sacs,ii.93i 



— fossil, i. 636. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 124. 



— venation, i. 629. 

 Cinnamomum Zeylanicum, ii. 752. 

 Ciunamyl-alcohol. scent, ii. 200. 

 Cinnyridie, and transference of pollen, ii. 247. 

 Cinquefoil. See Polentilla. 



— Marsh. See Comarum palustre. 

 Cinquefoils. vernation, i. 350. 

 Circjea, poUen-grains, ii. 99, 101, 102. 

 Circiea alpina. absorptive cells and food- 

 absorption, i. 114. 



autogamy, ii. 343, 344. 



flower, ii. 236. 



fniit, u. 343. 



habitat, i. 110. 



inflorescence and flowers, ii. 343. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98. 



tubers, ii. 796. 



Circsea Lutetiana, hooked fruit, ii. 871- 

 Circuninutatiou, nature of, i. 684. 

 Cirrbus foUaris, &c., i. 692, 694. 

 Cirsium, distribution of sexes, ii. 299. 



— hybrids, ii. 558, 585. 



— imperfect flowers, ii. 294. 



— results of various crossings, ii. 560. 



— spinose leaves, i. 438. 



— variation in hybrids, ii. 593. 



Cirsium alfine, vegetative propagation, ii: 

 459. 



Cirsium aquilonare, hybrid, ii. 560. 



Cirsium arvense, and hud-galls of Urophora 

 cardui, ii. 543. 



and Puccinia suaveolens, ii. 525. 



&c., scent, ii. 202. 



shade and growth, ii. 506. 



Cirsium Erisithales and C. palustre, hybrids, 

 U. 559. 



Cirsium heterophyllum and C. canum, two- 

 coloured leaves, habitat, i. 293. 



and 0. oleracenm, hybrid between, ii. * 



459. 



and C. spinosissimum, hybrid from. ii. 



459. 



Cirsium Linkianum, ii. 560. 



Cirsium nemorale, i. 436. 



deciduous plumes, ii. 860. 



pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



Cirsium ochroleucum, hybrid, ii. 560. 



Cirsium oleraceum and C. heterophyllum, 

 hybrids, ii. 559. 



Cirsium Panuonicum and C. Erisithales, hy- 

 brids, ii. 559. 



Cirsium purpureum, vegetative propagation, 

 li. 453. 



Cirsium spinosissimum, i. 450. 



coloured bracts, ii. 133. 



Cirsium tataricum, hybrid of 0. canum x C. 

 oleraceum, ii. 586. 



Cissus, anthocyanin, i. 484. 



— host of Rattlesias. i. 200. 



— tendrils, i. 694, 697. 699. 



— plants, used as vegetable springs, i. 271. 

 Cissus Veitchii. See Vitis incvn^taiis. 

 Cistus, aestivation, ii. 210. 



— conducting tissue for pollen-tubes, ii. 410. 



— duration of flowers, ii. 214. 



— hairs, i. 323. 



— hybrids, u. 534. 



— nectarless, U. 167. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 124. 



— shrubs, hosts of Cytinus Hypocistus, i. 



204. 



— sticky forms, ii. 235. 



Cistus Clusii. &c., varnish-like coating, i. 313. 

 Cistus Creticus, opening and closing, ii. 212. 

 Cistus laurifolius, varnish-like coating, i. 312. 

 Citric acid. i. 4'J3. 



in Nepenthes pitcher, i. 135. 



Citron, oil of. ii. 203. 



— of Florence. See Citrus medico. 



— scent, ii. 203. 



Citrus, buds on leaf-cuttings, ii. 43. 

 - hybrids, ii. 569. 



— receptacle, i. 746. 

 Citrus medica, if. 569. 



