INDEX. 



945 



Echinocactus Tetani, scent, ii. 201. 



time open, ii. 213. 



Echiuophoraspinosa, "spinose leaves", 1,438. 

 Echiuops. spiny leaves, i. 43S, 

 Echinopsis, autogamy, ii. 347. 

 Echinopsis cristata, size of flowers, ii. 185. 

 Echiura, bristles, i. 441. 



— cross-fertilization, ii. 301. 



— insects and pollen, ii. 245. 



— protandrous, ii. 311. 



— stamens as insect platform, ii. 225. 



— unfolding of inflorescence, i. 744. 

 Echium Italicum, bristles, i. 439. 

 Echium vulgare, pollen-grains, ii. 97. 

 Ectocarpacere, structure, &c., ii. 661. 

 Ectocarpus, host of Eutoderma. ii. 652. 

 Ectocarpus siliculosus, fertilization, ii. 661. 

 Ectoplasm, i. 34, 57, 72, 569. 



Edelraut. See Artemisia Mutcllina. 

 Edelweiss. See Onaphalium Lcontopodium. 

 Edelweiss of Himalayas, i. 316. 

 Egg-apparatus=archegonium, ii. 478. 



constituents, ii. 416. 



Egg-cell, behaviour in fertilization, ii. 417. 



of Fern, ii. 472. 



development after fertilization, ii. 475. 



with spermatozoids, of Fucus vesicu- 



losus, ii 664. 

 Egg-cells, in Gymnosperms, ii. 418. 



of Fucus vesiculosus, discharge, ii. 663. 



Eggs, of Chlorophyceee, ii. 628. 

 Egyptian desert regions, hairiness of plants, 

 i. 318. 



— graves, preservation of fruits, &c., in, i. 



262. 

 Eichler, ii. 605, 616. 

 Eismanner, of May, i. 539. 

 Elieagnus. hair-scales, i. 322, 324; ii. 752. 



— scent, ii. 209. 



Elaphomyces, forms mycorhiza, ii. 678. 



— fruit, ii. 678. 



Elaters, of Anthocerotace». ii. 698. 



— of Equisetum, ii, 712, 713. 



— of Hepaticae, function, ii. 16, 696. 813. 

 Elatine Alsinastnun, aerial and submerged 



leaves, ii. 505. 

 Elbe, self-purification, i. 265. 

 Elder. See Samhucus nigra. 



— Dwarf. See Samhucus Ebuhis. 



— Red-berried. See Samhucus racemosa. 



— scent, ii. 202. 



EleanthuB, flour-like coating on lip. ii. 169. 

 Electric phenomena, in Dionsea, i. 151. 

 Elephant, agent in dispersion of Rafflesia 



seeds, i. 199. 

 Eteutheropetalfe. of Braun, ii. 605. 

 Elevation and colour, ii. 511. 



— and date of blossoming, &c., i. 525, 526. 

 Elm. See Ulmus. 



Elodea, i. 77, 665; ii. 739. 



— eflfect of heat on, i. 553. 



Elodea Canadensis, pollination, ii. 133, 



propagation by offshoots, ii^457. 



Elvend Kuh, features of vegetation, ii. 457. 

 Elymus, pollination, ii. 142. 

 Elymus mollis, and cold, i. 547. 

 Embryo, detachment from parent, ii. 450. 



— development in Phanerogams, ii. 420. 



— differentiation, i. 596, 750. 



— equipment for journey, ii. 423. 



— meaning of term, ii. 47. 



— nutrition, i. 598 et seq. 



— of AspergillesB, ii. 60. 



— of Centrospermae, ii. 750. 



— of Chara, ii. 64. 



— of Cynomorium, i. 198. 



— of Erysiphere. ii. 59. 



— of Ferns, ii. 63. 



— of Graminese. i. 604. 



— of Orobancheae, i. 184. 



— of parasitic Phanerogams, i. 176, 183, 



— of Rhizophora, nutrition, germinatioo, 



&c., i. 602. 



— protection and climate, ii. 447. 



— protective coverings, i. 601. 



— undifferentiated, i. 647. 

 Embryo-cell of Angiosperms, ii. 421. 



Vol. II. 



Embryogeny. of Selaginella, ii. 715. 

 Embryonic cell, ii. 417. 

 Embryo-sac, i. 598. 



— aud contents, ii. 416. 



— homology, ii. 478, 717. 



— of Gymnosperms, ii. 418. 



— of Monotropa, ii. 417. 



Emericella variecolor, a gasterolichen, li. 695. 

 " Empalement" or calyx, ii. 210. 

 Erapetraceie, ii. 768. 

 Empetrum, and animals, i. 432. 



— mycorhiza. i. 251. 



— rolled leaf of, i. 300. 

 Empetrum nigrum, i. 305, 490. 



cuticular rods on leaves, i. 302. 



Empis, sheltering in flowers, ii. 163. 

 Empleurum serrulatum, stamen, ii. 87. 

 Empusa, spore-dispersal, ii. 824. 

 Empusa Muscfe, life-cycle, ii. 672. 



mould on flies, i. 168. 



Emulsin. i. 465. 



Enalus, ii. 739. 



Enalus acoroides, geographical distribution, 

 ii. 133. 



pollination, ii. 133. 



Encephalartos, cotyledon in germination, i. 

 606. 



— spinose leaves, i. 438. 



Encysted Plasmodium of Myxomycetes, ii. 



619. 

 Endemic diseases, cause of, i. 506. 



— species, examples, ii. 882. 

 importance of, ii. 903. 



hability to extinction, ii. 901. 



Endlicher, system of, ii. 603. 604, 

 Endocarpon, a pyrenolicbeu, ii. 695. 

 Endocarpon miniatura, situation on a marble 



column, i. 247. 

 Endogenje. of Be Candolle, ii. 603. 

 Endophyllum Sempervivi, on House-leek, ii. 



523. 

 Endoplasra, i. 34. 

 Endosmosis. See Osmosis. 

 Endosperm, i. 598. 



— absence in Gourd, i. 610. 



— homology, ii. 717. 



— of Gymnosperms, ii. 418. 



— origin and nature, ii. 421. 

 EndosphferaceEe, description, ii. 637, 638. 

 Endospore, of Bacteria, ii. 623. 

 Energy and fermentation, i. 509. 



— conversion of, by plant, i. 378. 



— kinetic, i. 492. 



— of respiration, measurement, i. 495. 



— potential, i. 492. 



— transformation by plant, i. 492. 

 England, flora of, i. 6. 



Engler. ii. 605. 



Ennobling, application of term, i. 213. 



— methods of, i. 214. 



— success in, ii. 554. 



Entada gingolobium, stranded in Norway, 



ii. 879. 

 Enteromorpha, range, i. 390. 



— structure, &c., ii. 648. 

 Eutoderma, endophytic, ii. 652. 

 Eutomophilous Arctic and other plants, 



percentage of autogamous species, ii. 400. 



— plants, ii. 129. 583. 

 Entomophthoreae. ii. 672. 



Entyloma Aschersonii, gall on Helichryaum, 



ii. 521. 

 Entyloma Maguusii, gall on Gnaphalium, ii. 



521. 

 Environment and origin of species, ii. 596. 

 Enzyme-like poison of stinging hairs, i. 441. 

 Enzymes and gall formation, ii. 551. 



— nature, function, &c.. i. 464. 465. 

 Epacridacere, pollen tetrads, ii. 97. 

 Epacrideae, i. 306; ii. 7tj8. 



— and animals, i. 432. 



— mycorhiza on, i. 91, 251. 



— symbiosis with different Fungi in different 



localities, i. 252. 

 Epacris. pollen tetrads, ii. 97. 

 Ephebe Kerneri, ii. 694. 



- a gelatinous Lichen, i. 244. 



Ephedra, i. 376. 



— chlorenehyma, i. 332. 



— description and details, ii. 726. 



— dioecious, ii. 299. 



— egg-cells and fertilization, ii. 418. 



— flowering at Kew, ii. 474. 



— ovule and fertilization, ii. 415. 



— reserve-buds, ii. 33. 



— seed envelope, ii. 441. 



— various species, protection of stomata 



from moisture, i. 296. 



Ephemeral flowers, ii. 212. 



protogyny in, ii. 310. 



Ephydatia (Spongilla) fluviatilis and Trento- 

 pohlia spongophila. ii. 653. 



Epicotyl. i. 596. 



Epidemics, cause of, i. 506. 



Epidendrere, ii. 738. 



Epidendrum elongatum, amount of water- 

 absorption in moist air, i. 222. 



Epidendrum Lindleyanum, duration of flow- 

 ering, ii. 214. 



Epidermis, i. 469. 



— as conducting apparatus, i, 369. 



— cells, adaptation to function, i. 369 



— functions in bifacial leaf, i. 370. 



— in rolled leaves, i. 302. 



— mauy-layered, i. 369. 



— of leaf, wettable and non-wettal le parts, i. 



230. 



— of leaves, in relation to transpiration, L 



226, 280. 309. 



— of succulents, i. 329. 



— of young stem, i. 719. 



— transmission of carbonic acid, i. 368. 

 Epilobium, alternation of cross- and self- 

 pollination, ii. 335. 



— autogamy, ii. 335, 352. 



— grooving of stem, i. 95. 



— hybrids, ii. 584. 



— pollen, ii. 104. 



— seed-hairs, ii. 424. 



— thin places of pollen-grain, ii. 102. 

 Epilobium alsinefolium and E. palustre, 



established hybrid of, ii. 591. 

 Epilobium angustifolium, autogamy, ii. 354. 



infloresceuce, ii. 309, 354. 



nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



opening of flower, ii. 212. 



ovary, ii. 77. 



pollen deposition, ii. 278. 



pollen-grains with viscin threads, ii. 



101. 



protandrous flowers, ii. 309. 



■ re-erection of inflorescence, i. 744. 



subterranean runners, ii. 453. 



visited by bees. ii. 195. 



Epilobium collinum, duration of flowerings 

 ii. 213. 



opening of flower, ii. 212. 



plumed seeds, ii. 858. 



Epilobium hirsutum, cohering pollen-grains, 

 ii. 97. 



colour-contrast of flowers, ii. 189. 



protection of pollen, ii. 121. 



Epilobimu montanum, anthocyaiiin, i. 520. 



cohering pollen-grains, ii. 97. 



colour-contrast of flower, ii. 189. 



protection of pollen, ii. 121. 



Epilobium parviflorum, autogamy, ii. 335. 

 Epilobium roseum, protection of pollen, ii. 



121. 

 Epilobium scaturiginum, an established 



wild hybrid, ii. 591. 

 Epimedium, antbocyanin, i. 484. 



— dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 93, 95. 



— flower and autogamy, ii. 349. 



— nectaries, ii. 178. 



Epimedium alpinum, autogamy, ii. 347. 



flower, ii. 236. 



Epipactis, haldtat aud foliage, i. 110. 



— nectary, ii. 176. 



Epipactis and Cephalanthera, hybridization, 



ii. 583.* 

 Epipactis latifolia, abortive stamens, ii. 253. 



pollination, ii. 254. 255, 283. 



Epipactis microphylla, radical buds, ii. 28. 

 110 



