96-i 



IXDEX. 



KigeUa, nectaries, ii 179. 



Nigella arrensis, effect of mutilation, ii 



517. 

 KigeUa Damascena, styles, t 645. 

 KigeUa elata, honey-leaf. ii. 180. 

 KigeUa sativa, honey-leaf, IL 180. 

 Kight-flowers, ii. 213. 

 Kight^hade, Alpine Enchanter's. SeeCireaa 



alpina. 



— scent, ii 202. 



NigriteUa, position of labeUom, ii 224. 

 Kigritella nigra, scent, il. 201. 

 KigriteUa suaveolens, hybrid, ii. 563. 586. 



hybrid, colour of flowers, ii. 567. 



Kipple-wort. See Lap.<ana. 

 KissoUa, phyUodes, i. 335. 

 Kit€Ua, characteristic feature, ii. 661. 

 KiteUa syncarpa, freezing, i. 540, 542. 

 Kitric acid, agent in weathering, i 83, 



earUest source, i. 64. 



reduction, i. 45S. 



sources of, i. 83. 



Kitrification of soil, by Bacteria, ii 624. 

 Kitrogen, i 258. 



— fixation by Bacteria, ii 624. 



— in albumen, i. 457. 



— non-accumulation from hydrophytes, i 



361. 



— percentage in air, i 64. 



— replacing hydrogen, i, 454. 



— sources of, i. 64. 457. 



Kitrogenous compounds, not respired di- 

 rectly, i 495. 



probably obtained by water-absorbing 



aerial organs, i, 241. 

 Kitrogenous matter, effect on glands of 



Drosera, i 144. 

 Kodding of flowers, and protection of 



pollen, ii 119. 

 Kodes, of stem, i 396, 658. 



— relation of hairs to, in SteUaria media, i 



227. 

 Noea spinosissima, spinosity, i 444. 

 Kolanacese, ii. 771. 

 Konnea, poUen-grains, ii 99. 

 Kon-saprophytes. on trees, i. 106. 

 Korway Maple. See Acer platanoides. 

 Kostoc and CoUema, ii. 694. 



— association with other plants, ii. 622. 

 Kostoc edule, ii. 621. 



Kostocacese, as Lichen-algae, ii. 692. 



— description, iL 621. 



— filaments, i. 586. 



— habit, i. 589. 



Kostocineae, Ume incruated, I 260. 



— loss of bxilk through loss of water, i 216. 

 Kotochlaena Marantse, rolling up of frond, i 



314. 

 Kottingham Catchfly. See SiUne nutans. 

 KuceUus, of ovule, ii. 72, 81, 644. 

 Kucleus, of ceU, and starch - formation in 

 Spirogyra, ii. 657. 



central oi^an, i 53. 



composition, 4c., i 41. 



functions, ii. 493. 



importance of, i. 48. 



in streaming protoplasm, i 34. 



structure, i. 569. 



structure and division, i 580, 581. 



— of ovule, i 644. 



— of starch grain, i 460. 

 KuUipores. fossil Floridese, ii 614. 

 Kuphar, ovary, ii. 75. 



— position of stomata on leaves, i. 280. 

 Kuphar intermedium, fertility, ii 590. 

 mean cross, ii. 558, 



Kuphar luteum and K. pumilum, hybrid, 



ii 558, 589, 

 Kutating tendriii, i. 696, 

 Nutation, of roots, i 774. 



— of twining stems, i. 683. 

 Kut, embrro protection, ii, 450. 



— nature of, ii 429. 



" Kut-cracker " and Walnut, &c., ii. 446. 

 Nutmeg. See Myrutica moachata. 

 Nutrition and gamete- formation, ii 641. 



— and sexual organs of Yaucheria, ii 644. 



Nutrition, mode of, best determined by 

 artificial cultures, i 101. 



— of plants, mutation, translocation, ic, of 



substances concerned in, i. 253. 

 Kui-vomica, cells from seed. i. 45. 

 Kyctaginacese, calcium oxalate crystals, i 570. 



— perianth, ii 749- 



— poUen-grains, ii. 97, 102. 

 Nyctagineie, ii. 196, 



Nyctandra, dehiscence of poUen-sacs, ii. 93. 



— stamen, ii. 91. 

 Kymphfea, floating fruits, ii. 848, 



— leaf and transpiration, i 288, 



— position of stomata on leaves, i 280. 



— protection of poUen, ii. 113, 

 Kymphsea alba, ash of, i 69. 



contrivance for getting rid of rain- 

 water, i, 288. 



habit and habitat, ii. 511. 



latitude and closing, ii. 218. 



poUen-grains, ii. 99. 100. 



Kymphaea cterulea, scent, ii 201. 

 Kymphsea Devoniensis, size of flowere, ii 



185. 

 Kymphsea gigantea, size of flowers, ii. 185. 

 Kymphsea guianensis, epipbyUous buds, ii 



43. 

 Kymphsea Lotus and K. dentata, hybrid and 



sepals, ii, 576. 



anthocyanin, i 521. 



Kymphxa thermalis. anthocyanin, i 521. 

 Kymphieaceae, anther, ii, 90. 



O. 



Oak. See Quereus. 

 Oak-apples, nature of, ii. 528. 

 Oak-galls, various, ii. 541. . 

 Oak-leaves, galls on, ii. 552. 

 Oat. See A vena sativa. 

 Oats, pollination, ii 142. 



— starch, i 459. 



Obione halimifoUa, "deaf " fruits, ii. 468. 



Ochna, flower and fruit, ii. 778. 



Ochrus, phyUodes, i 335. 



Ocymum and cold, i 545. 



Ocymum Basilicum, i)ericarp mucilage, i 



615. 

 Odontidium hiemale, in spring above Arzler 



Alp, i 71. 

 Odontites, parasitic i 176. 

 Odontites lutea, culture experiment, i 180. 

 Odontoglossum, edible fleshy growths, i 170. 

 Odontoglossum Kossii, duration of flowering, 



ii 214. 

 Odour, and poisonous properties, i. 431. 

 Odours, variety in a genus, ic, ii. 487. 

 CEdogoniacea. ii. 650. 

 CEdogonium and Chytridium Olla, ii 669, 



— chlorophyU body, i 373. 



— Ufe-history, ii. 650. 

 CEnaothic acid. ii. 202. 

 CEnothera, and insect visits, u. 223. 



— downward puU of roots, i 767. 



— moths and poUen, ii 247. 



— opening of flower, ii. 212. 



— stigma, ii. 283. 



CEnothera biennis, autogamy, ii. 253. 



flower, ii. 247- 



inflorescence, ii. 282. 



poUen-grains with viscin threads, ii 101. 



CEnothera graudlflora, opening of flower, ii 



212. 

 CEnothera muricata, autogamy, ii 253. 

 Offshoots, cUiated, ii 802. 



— dispersal by water, ii. 805. 



— formation and climatic conditions, ii. 453. 



— on runners, ii, 801. 



— propagation by, ii. 790. 

 Oil. of bitter almonds, i. 462. 



— of cloves, ii. 200. 



— of Keroli, source, ii 203. 



— of turpentine, lavender. 4c.. i. 46L 

 Oken, nature -philosophy (1810). i 13. 

 Olacaccse, ii. 754. 



Old Man's Beard Lichen. See Vsma barbattu 



Old World, hairiness of plants on steppes and 



deserts, i 317. 

 Oleacew. ii 771. 



Oleander. See Nerium Oleander. 

 Olfactory organs, in man and animals, ii. 204. 

 OUve grove on the shores of Lake Garda, i. 



275. 



— oiL decomposition, i 462. 

 OUve-tree, stomata, i 280. 

 Ombrophytum, appearance and dimensions, 



il96. 



— Peruvian name, i. 196. 



OmphaUa, in salt-mine at Hallstatt, i 101. 

 Omphalodes vema. flower colour and sur- 

 roundings, ii. IM. 

 Onagracere, ii. 7S1. 



— poUen-grains, ii 99. 102. 

 Oncidium, aerial roots, i 222, 753. 



— edible fleshy growths, ii 170. 

 Oncidium PapiUo, Pi XIIL 



animal mimicry, ii. 229, 



Onion. See AUium. 



Onobrychis, insects and keel movements, ii. 



252. 

 Onobrychis £equidentata,hooked fruit, ii. 873. 

 Onobrychis comuta, spinosity, i. 444. 

 Ononis, poUen expulsion, ii 260. 

 Onopordon, method of water-conduction, i96. 



— movements of stamens, ii. 252. 



— protection of poUen, ii. 126. 



— spiny leaves, i. 438. 

 Onosma, bristles, i 441. 

 Ontogeny and phyUogeny, ii 608. 

 Oogonia, of Achlya Ugnicola, ii 671. 

 Oc^oniom. definition, ii. 47. 



— of Fucus vesiculosus, ii 663. 

 Oomycetes, characteristics, ii 668. 

 Oophyte, of Pteridophyta, characteristics, ii. 



704. 

 Ooplasm, protection in Phanerogams, ii. 72. 

 Ooplast, of Phanerogams, ii 8L 

 Oospheres, of C^hlorophycew, ii. 628. 

 Oospore, of Chlorophycese, ii. 628, 

 Opegrapha lithyrga, habitat, i 117. 

 Opera GirL See ^aiuisxa. 

 Operculum, of Moss capsiUe, ii. 702, 

 OpheUa, nectaries, ii 178. 

 Ophioglossacese, characteristics, ii. 709, 



— two kinds of fronds, ii 12. 

 Ophioglossum vulgatiun, radical buds, ii. 28. 

 Ophrys comuta, flower, ii 226. 



insect platform, ii 227. 



Opium, latex of Papaversomniferum, i 470. 

 Opium Poppy. See Papaitr somnif'-mm. 

 Opoponai Cretica, seed-dispersal, ii. 853. 

 Opuntia, insect platform, ii 229. 



— irritable staralnal filaments, ii. 264. 



— opening of flower, ii. 212. 



— protection of poUen, ii 113. 



— spines, i 446. 



— stem structure, i 327. 



Opuntia nana, recurrent opening, il 213. 



stigma, ii 279. 



Opuntia Rafinesquii. barbed bristles, i, 439. 

 Orache. See Atriplex. 

 Oraches, and animals, i 432. 



— trimethylamine, i 462. 

 Orange-flower scent, ii. 203. 



Orange LUy. See Lilium eroceum and L. 



bulbifcrum. 

 Orange-tree, odours, i 461. 

 Orchid inflorescence, position of flowers to 



axis, ii. 256, 

 OrchidaceaB, characteristic of flower, ii. 736. 



— cleistogamy in, ii. 393, 



— epiphyUous buds. ii. 43. 



— hybrids among, ii. 583. 



— ovary, ii 77. 



— pollination, details, ii. 253. 



— subdivisions, ii. 736. 

 Orchids, anther, ii 93. 



— aqueous tissue, i. 328. 



— chlorophyU in roots, i 766. 



— chlorophyU in seeds. 4c. i. 376. 



— conducting tissue for i>oUen-tub«s. ii. 410, 



— cross- fertilization, ii 302. 



— cyUndrical leaves in, i 327. 



