INDEX. 



967 



Phalfcnopsis Schilleriana, clinging roots, i. 



7M. 



pollination, ii. 227. 



Phalaris arundioacea, protection of stomata 

 from moisture, i. 294. 



weather-cock leaves, i. 427. 



Phallus, shrivelling through loss of water, i. 



216. 

 Phallus canicus, sphere-crystals, i. 457. 

 Phallus impudicus, ii. 691. 



spore-dispersal, ii, 827. 



Phanerogamia, absence of fossil connecting 



Unks with lower groups, ii. 613. 



— alternation of generations, il 478. 



— analogies with Rhizocarpe« and Sela- 



ginelleiB in female reproductive organs, 

 ii. 69. 



— aquatic, mode of attachment, 1. 77. 



— corrosive power of roots, experimental 



illustration, i. 258. 



— discussion of true natuie of partheno- 



genesis, ii. 467. 



— embryo differentiation, ii. 450. 



— fertilized in the air, ii. 71. 



— general characters, ii. 717. 



— homologies of reproductive organs, ii. 717. 



— mechanical action of roots, i. 265. 



— number and grouping in Genera Plant- 



arum of B. and H., ii. 604. 



— pollen and water, ii. 106. 



— jMJllen-sac arrangement, ii. 89. 



— saprophytic, in meadows, i. 112. 



— sub-phylla, ii. 719. 

 Phanerogamic ovaries, ii. 77. 

 Phaseolus, leaf movements, i. 339. 

 Phaseolus vulgaris, nutation, i. 683. 

 Philadelphus, separation-layer, i. 361. 

 Phillyrea, pollination, ii. 138. 

 Philodendron, leaves cover air-roots, i. 225. 

 Philodendron bipinnatitidum stem, ii. 745, 

 Philodendron imbe, i. 365 ; ii. 744. 

 Philodendron Lindenii, root-hairs, i. 224. 

 Philodendron pertusimi, i. 365; ii. 744. 

 aerial roots, i. 366. 



Philosophia Botanica, of Iiinnseus, definition 



of varieties, ii. 514. 

 Phleum, pollination, ii. 142. 

 Phlomis, hairiness, i. 317. 

 Phlox, honey protection, ii. 241. 



— protection of pollen from wet, ii. 111. 

 Phcenii dactylifera, absorbent end of coty- 

 ledon, i. 600. 



germination, i. 607. 



mechanical tissue arrangement, t 729. 



vitality of spermatoplasm, ii. 96. 



Phosphorescence and light of Fungi, i. 5Ci3. 



— of sea, caused by Dlnoflagellata, ii. 625. 

 Phosphoric acid, ferment action, i. 465. 

 Phosphorus, in ash of plants, i. 66. 



— necessary for nitrogen compounds, i. 67. 

 Phragmites communis, ash constituents, i. 



68. 



mechanical tissue arrangement, i. 731. 



spreading of, ii. 798. 



"Phrygana", of Theophrastus, i.e. semi- 

 shrubs, i. 444. 



Phrygian form, produced by animals, i. 445, 



Phycocyanin, pigment of Cyanophycese, ii. 

 621, 



Phycoerythrin, i. 460. 



— fluorescence, i. 379, 390, 



— function, i. 390, 

 Phycomycetes, characters, ii. 668, 

 Phycophaein, pigment of Phseophyceie, ii. 



661. 

 Phygelius, protogynous, ii. 311. 

 PhygeUus capensis, flower, ii. 181. 



flowers and autogamy, ii. 384. 



Phyllanthus, phyllocladous plants, i. 334, 

 Phyllanthus cyclanthera, anthers, ii, 90. 

 Phyllanthus speciosus, i. 335. 

 Phyllobium dimorphum, life-history, ii. 638, 

 Pbylloclades, in Chenopodiacese, ii. 749. 



— leaf-branches, i. 333. 



— of CoUetia, &c., i. 334. 

 Phyllode, nature of, i. 335. 



— of Acacia, i. 637. 



Phyllodes, distribution of stomata on, i. 281, 

 Phylloglossum, general structure, ii. 715. 

 Pbyllosiphon arisari, life-cycle, ii. 643, 

 Phyllostachys bambusoides, protection of 



stomata from moisture, i. 294. 

 Phyllotaxis, and shape of leaves, L 408. 



— determination of, i, 403. 



— of stamens, ii. 85. 



— plan of whorled, i. 397. 



— plans of spiral, i. 400. 



— various series, i. 404. 

 Phylocladia, luminosity, i. 338. 

 Phylogenetic tree, ii. 620. 

 Phylogeny, of plants, il 607. 

 Physalis, corolla and autogamy, ii. 366. 



— guides to honey, ii. 249. 



— protection of imUen, ii. 118. 



Physalis Alkekeugi, calyx and fruit, ii. 434. 



red pigment, i. 461. 



Physcia ciliaris, apothecium, ii. 681. 

 Physcia parietina, Foliose Lichen, ii, 694. 

 Physianthus albens. See Aravjia alhens. 

 Physocytium, life-cycle, ii. 636. 

 Phyteuma, nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



— opening of flower, ii. 211. 



— storing of pollen on style, ii. 359, 

 Phyteuma orbiculare, autogamy, il. 362. 

 bud-galls of Cecidomyia phyteumatis, 



ii. 544. 

 Phyteuma spicatum, autogamy, ii. 362. 

 Phytolaca decandra, seed and embryo, ii. 



422. 

 Phytophthora omnivora, on seedlings, ii. 



670. 

 Phytoptus and fasciations in Ash, ii. 5i9. 



— and formation of double flowers, ii. 459, 

 Pigment, chlorophyll-protecting, i, 392. 



— of Florideai, i. 3S8. 

 Pigments, fluorescing, i. 379, 



— from bacterial activity, i. 506. 



— of plants, i. 460, 



Pilacracece, distinctive features, ii. 687. 

 Pilea microphylla, ejection of pollen, ii. 137, 

 Pileus, of Agarics, ii. 491. 689. 



— of Hymenomycetes, ii. 688. 



Pilobolus cristallinus, dispersal of spores, ii. 

 825. 



Pilostyles, distribution, i. 2C4, 



Pilostyles Haussknechtii, mycelium-like tis- 

 sue in host, i, 200. 



Pilularia, leaves and sporocarps, ii, 711. 



PimpemeL See Ana'jallls. 



Pimpiuella magna, anthocyanin, i, 522. 



scent, ii- 202. 



Pimpinella saxifraga, periodically pendulous 

 umbels, i, 530, 



Pine. SeePi7)u;s. 



Pine-apple. See Ananassa saliva. 



Pine-cone, phylloiaxis, i. 402, 



Pinguicula, autogamy, ii. 356. 



— capturing apparatus, i. 137. 



— habitat, i. 140, 



— nectary, ii, 178, 



— number of species, &c., i. 140. 

 Pinguicula alpina, leaf section, i, 137. 

 Pinguicula vulgaris, capsule in dry and wet 



weather, ii. 448. 



— stamen, i. 91, 

 Pink, See Dianthus. 

 Pinus, ii. 721. 



— and resistance to cold, ii. 489. 



— and "Witches' Broom, ii. 527. 



— branch, section, i. 22. 



— cone protection, ii. 442, 



— egg-cells, ii. 419. 



— green cotyledons, i. 622. 



— moncecious, ii. 297. 



— mutilation by niminants, ii. 515. 



— mycorhiza Fungus, ii. 678. 



— ovuliferous and bract scales, ii. 440. 



— protection of ovules, ii. 72. 



— specific value of leaf anatomy, ii. 565. 



— stomata on leaves, i. 280. 



— subdivision, ii. 725. 

 Pinus Cembra, ii, 727. 

 age, i, 722, 



cold resistance, i, 543. 



Pinus Cembra, dimensions, i. 722, 



pollen-grains iu snow-dust, i. 38, 



protective resin of cones, ii. 446. 



seed-coat, ii. 439. 



Pinus excelsa, cold resistance, i. 543, 

 Pinus Halepensis and cold, i. 543, 

 Pinus humilis, habit, habitat and snow» i 

 548. 



Tyrol, i, 549. 



Pinus Plnea, and cold, i. 543. 



seed-coat, ii. 439. 



Pinus Pumilio, female flower, ii. 722. 



male and female cones, ii. 144. 



pollen-grains, ii. 98. 



pollen storing and dispersion, ii. 145. 



Pinus serotina, branch and cone, ii. 443. 

 Pinus Strobus and Peridermium .Strobi, iL 



527. 

 Pinus sylvestris, age, i. 722. 



and Coleosporium senecionis, ii. 686. 



dimensions, i. 722. 



ovule, structm-e, ii. 418. 



ovuliferous scale, ii. 441, 721. 



seed protection and dispersal, ii. 449. 



Piper, rootr-fonning leaves, i. 772. 



— roots from leaf-cuttings, i. SS. 

 Piperaceae, cause of white spots on leaves, L 



285. 



— collective fruits in, ii. 436. 

 Piper Betle, collective fruit, ii. 437. 

 Pisonia and galls of Pemphigus cornicularixis, 



ii. 535. 

 Pisonia aculeata, sticky fruit, ii. 870. 

 Pistacia, pollination, ii. 138. 

 Pistacia Lentiscus and Witches' Broom, iL 



527. 

 Pistese, characteristics, ii. 745. 

 Rstia, adaptation to change of habitat, i. 76.- 

 Piston-apparatus, pollen distribution, ii. 260. 

 Pisum, fruit protection, ii. 446. 



— keel movements and pollen brush, ii. 252. 

 Pitcher of FruUania, ii. 698. 

 Pitcher-plants, digestion of prey, i. 124. 

 Pitchers, i. 127. 



— alluring, &c., contrivances, i. 134. 

 Pitfalls, advantage of, i. 158. 



— structure, &c., in Genlisea, i. 124. 



— various shapes, i. 130. 

 Pith-galls, appearance, ii. 537. 



Pits, bordered, of tracheides and tracheje, L 

 276. 



structure of, i. 45. 



Pitted vessel, i. 469. 

 Placenta of ovary, i. 644 ; ii. 81. 

 Plagiothecium nekeroideum, absorption - 



cells, i, 85. 

 Plains, type of community, ii. 888, 892. 

 Plan of whorled phyllotaxis, i. 397. 

 Plane-tree. See Platanua. 

 Plant, adaptation, i. 567. 



— biennial, i. 658. 



fmactions of roots, i. 751. 



roots, i. 760. 



— cycle of development and climatology, i. 



564. 



— division of labour, i. 367. 



— fanciful comparisons of Nature philoso- 



phers, i. 12. 



— monoecious, ii. 298- 



— spines and prickles, i. 433. 



— typical, Goethe's, i. 12. 

 Plantaginacece, ii. 771. 

 Plantago, pollination, ii. 135. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 123. 



— seed-cement, i. 615. 

 Plantago cretica, dispersal, ii. 849. 

 Plantago major and animals, i. 432. 

 Plantago media, sc, leaves and rain conduc- 

 tion, i. 95. 



spikes and radiation, i. 530. 



Plantago recurvata, spikes and nocturnal 



radiation, i. 530. 

 Plantain. See Mitsn paradisiaca. 

 Plant-body, nature of, i. 590. 



simplest form, i. 591. 



Plant commimities, ii. 885. 

 types of, iL 887. 



