TURDUS. MONTICOLA. 5 



Turdus torquatus. RING-OUZEL. 



Turdus torquatus, Linn. S. N. i. p. 296 (1766). 



Turdus torquatus, Naum. ii. p. 318 ; Macg. ii. p. 100; Hewit- 

 son, p. 93 ; Gray, p. 76 ; Yarr. ed. 2, i. p. 218 ; id. ed. 3, 

 i. p. 228; Newton, i. p. 287; Harting, p. 12 ; Dresser, 

 ii. p. 113. 



Merula torquata, Gould, ii. pi. 38. 



King-Ouzel, Yarr. ed. 1, i. p. 206. 



Torquatus = adorned with a collar, torques. 



A summer migrant to the mountains of temperate Europe 

 and the British Isles. Winters in Central Africa. 



Genus MONTICOLA, F. Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 552. 



Monticola = a dweller in the mountains, from mons + colere. 



Monticola saxatilis, ROCK-THRUSH. 



Turdus saxatilis, Linn. S. N. i. p. 294 (1766). 



Turdus saxatilis, Naum. ii. p. 348 ; Gray, p. 75. 

 Petrocincla saxatilis, Hewitson, p. 95 ; Yarr. Suppl. 1, p. 18 ; 



id. ed. 2, i. p. 235 ; id. ed. 3, i. p. 245 ; Gould, ii. pi. 44; 



Harting, p. 99. 

 Monticola saxatilis, Newton, i. p. 292; Dresser, ii. p. 129. 



Saxatilis that dwells among rocks, saxa. 



A rare accidental visitor to England. Breeds in South 

 Europe, Persia, Turkestan, South Siberia, and North China. 

 Winters in Africa, N.W. India, and Upper Burma. 



/^ 

 [Monticola cyanus. BLUE ROCZ-THEUSH. /777? '/XT 



Turdus Cyanus, Linn. S. N. i. p. 296 (1766). 



Turdus cyanus, Naum. ii. p. 341. 

 Monticola cyanus, Newton, i. p. 295. 

 Petrocossyphus cyanus, Dresser, ii. p. 139. 



Cyanus = KVO.VOS = a dark-blue substance, probably enamel or lacquer; 

 applied to the Wall-creeper by Aristotle, Hist. An. ix. 21, and .Mian, N. A 

 iv. 59. The Cyanus of Belon and Gesner is the present species. 



